上海湿垃圾沼渣特性及资源化利用探索  

Research on the Characteristics and Resource Utilization of Food Waste in Shanghai

作　　者：李刚 卢明 吴春强 陈平 LI Gang;LU Ming;WU Chunqiang;CHEN Ping

机构地区：[1]上海老港废弃物处置有限公司生物能源再利用中心,上海201302 [2]不详 [3]上海市园林科学规划研究院 [4]上海城市困难立地绿化工程技术研究中心 [5]城市困难立地生态园林国家林业局重点实验室,上海200232

出　　处：《园林》2020年第6期25-29,共5页Landscape Architecture Academic Journal

基　　金：上海市自然科学基金“生物炭堆肥中多环芳烃降解及其土壤-作物系统中的迁移机制研究”(编号:19ZR1451400)。

摘　　要：研究分批选取上海市实施垃圾分类后产生的湿垃圾沼渣,对其进行基本理化检测、营养指标检测、腐熟度检测和重金属检测。结果显示,湿垃圾沼渣的pH值范围为8.19~8.47;EC值范围为2.91~7.28 mS/cm;有机质的范围为31.86%~92.64%;总养分范围为5.71%~10.26%;腐殖质范围为183.79%~372.27%;发芽指数范围为4.5%~6.7%;重金属铬的范围为25.3~32.7 mg/kg、砷的范围为3.17~10 mg/kg、镉的范围为ND^1.4 mg/kg、汞的范围为ND^0.8 mg/kg、铅的范围为11.0~27.9 mg/kg,说明湿垃圾沼渣的有机质和总养分含量较高,重金属含量较低;沼渣具有较高的营养成分和较低的生物毒性,具有良好的资源化利用潜力。但是较高的pH值和EC值影响了沼渣的再利用,同时极低的腐殖质含量和发芽指数说明沼渣具有较高的植物毒性,不能直接施用于土壤。如将沼渣施用于土壤,需进一步提升沼渣的腐熟程度,降低pH值和EC值含量。The research selected batches of wet garbage biogas residues generated by the implementation of garbage classication in Shanghai and conducted necessary physical and chemical testing,nutrition index testing,maturity testing,and heavy metal testing.The results show that the pH range of wet garbage biogas residue is 8.19~8.47,the EC ranges 2.91~7.28 mS/cm,the range of organic matter is 31.86%~92.64%.Besides that,the entire nutrient ranges 5.71%~10.26%,germination index ranges 4.5%~6.7%,the heavy metal chromium ranges 25.3~32.7 mg/kg,the arsenic ranges 3.17~10 mg/kg,the cadmium ranges from ND to 1.4 mg/kg,the mercury ranges from ND to 0.8 mg/kg,and lead ranges 11.0~27.9 mg/kg.All the above indicates that wet garbage biogas residue with higher organic matter and total nutrient content,lower heavy metal content,biogas residue have higher nutritional content and lower biological toxicity,has good resource utilization potential.However,the higher pH and EC affect the reuse of biogas residue.Simultaneously,the shallow humus content and germination index indicate that biogas residue has high phytotoxicity and cannot directly apply to the soil.If the biogas residue needs to apply to the earth,it is necessary to improve the biogas residue's maturity further and reduce the pH and EC content.

关 键 词：湿垃圾 沼渣 资源化利用 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]