中国城市内涝中的主要水力学问题  

The main hydraulic problems in the shackles of Chinese cities

作　　者：邓芳 李登波 张晓萍 DENG Fang;LI Dengbo;ZHANG Xiaoping(China Power Construction Group Central South Survey and Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410014,China;State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Protection and Development,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电建集团中南勘测设计院有限公司,长沙410014 [2]四川大学水力学与山区河流保护与开发国家重点实验室,成都610065

出　　处：《水科学与工程技术》2020年第3期68-72,共5页Water Sciences and Engineering Technology

摘　　要：全球极端气候变化和我国快速的城镇化发展,使城市内涝成为阻碍城市健康发展的重要环境问题之一。其严重制约了以低碳、绿色、和谐和可持续发展为导向的“智慧城市”的建设,降低了居民们美好生活的体验感,给社会居民带来极大的不便和危害。通过对近十年来国内有关城市洪涝灾害的文章进行梳理,概括了中国内涝的发生特点,导致内涝形成的主要原因和水力学原因,主要探讨了城市内涝中的水力学问题,如排水系统空蚀、明满流交替、提高消能率、水位顶托等,并借鉴国外发达国家治涝措施,提出了防控策略和城市内涝水力学问题治理未来可发展方向。Global extreme climate change and China's rapid urbanization have made urban shackles one of the important environmental problems that hinder the healthy development of cities.It severely restricts the construction of“smart cities”oriented to low carbon,green,harmony and sustainable development,which reduces the experience of residents’good life and brings great inconvenience and harm to the residents.Through combing the articles about urban flood disasters in the past decade,this paper summarizes the characteristics of the occurrence of plutonium in China,the main causes of the formation of plutonium and the hydraulic causes,and mainly discusses the hydraulic problems in the urban eaves,such as the cavitation of the drainage system.The alternation of the full flow,the improvement of the energy dissipation rate,the water level top support,etc.,and the reference to the measures of foreign developed countries,put forward the prevention and control strategy and the future development direction of urban hydraulics.

关 键 词：水利工程 城市内涝 智慧城市 水力学问题 

分 类 号：TV13[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]