Substrate switches, phenotypic innovations and allopatric speciation formed taxonomic diversity within the lichen genus Blastenia  

作　　者：Jan Vondrak Ivan Frolov Jiri Kosnar Ulf Arup Tereza Veselska Gokhan Halici Jiri Malicek Ulrik Sochting 

机构地区：[1]Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences,Pruhonice CZ-25243,Czech Republic [2]Department of Botany,Faculty of Science,University of South Bohemia,Ceske Budejovice CZ-37005,Czech Republic [3]Russian Academy of Sciences,Ural Branch:Institute Botanic Garden,Vosmogo Marta 202a st,Yekaterinburg 620144,Russia [4]Botanical Museum,Lund University,Lund SE-22100,Sweden [5]Institute of Microbiology,Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic,Praha 4-KrC CZ-14220,Czech Republic [6]Gokhan Halcl,Department of Biology,Faculty of Science,Erciyes University,Kayseri 38039,Turkey [7]Department of Biology,Section for Ecology and Evolution,University of Copenhagen,Copenhagen DK-2100,Denmark

出　　处：《Journal of Systematics and Evolution》2020年第3期295-330,共36页植物分类学报（英文版）

基　　金：Our research received support by a long-term research development grant RVO 67985939,and by the Tubitak project 119277。

摘　　要：Blastenia is a widely distributed lichen genus in Teloschistaceae.We reconstructed its phylogeny in order to test species delimitation and to find evolutionary drivers forming recent Blastenia diversity.The origin of Blastenia is dated to the early Tertiary period,but later diversification events are distinctly younger.We recognized 24 species(plus 2 subspecies)within 6 infrageneric groups.Each species strongly prefers a single type of substrate(17 species occur on organic substrates,7 on siliceous rock),and most infrageneric groups also show a clear substrate preference.All infrageneric groups tend to have the Mediterranean and Macaronesian distribution,but some epiphytic species have much larger geographic ranges and some evolved after a long distance dispersal outside the region.Chlorinated and nonchlorinated anthraquinone chemosyndromes co-occur in apothecia of most species,but the chemotype has been secondarily reduced in some lineages.One infrageneric group has a marked reduction in apothecial size,associated with a substrate shift to twigs.Only seven species have vegetative diaspores;they also produce apothecia but have smaller ascospores.Genome sizes(22-35 Mb in Blastenia)are significantly higher in epilithic species.Within-species genetic variation is low in widely distributed species but high in some epilithic species with small geographical ranges.New taxa are:B.afroalpina,B.anatolica,B.caucasica,B.gennargentuae,B.herbidella subsp.acidophila,B.lauri,B.monticola,B.palmae,B.psychrophila,B.purpurea,B.relicta,B.remota,B.xerothermica,and B.xerothermica subsp.macaronesica.New combinations are:B.festivella and B.subathallina;both names and B.catalinae are lectotypifed.

关 键 词：ANTHRAQUINONES genome size long distance dispersal Mediterranean-Macaronesian diversity hot-spot Teloschistaceae vegetative diaspores 

分 类 号：Q95[生物学—动物学]