热应激对高产和低产奶牛血液生理指标、炎性因子和生产性能的影响  

Effects of heat stress on blood physiological indexes,inflammatory factors and performance of high and low yield dairy cows

作　　者：崔君 郭文晋 付守鹏 柳巨雄 金天明 CUI Jun;GUO Wen-jin;FU Shou-peng;LIU Ju-xiong;JIN Tian-ming(College of Veterinary Medicine,Jilin University,Changchun 130062,China;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry,College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300384,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学动物医学学院,吉林长春130062 [2]天津农学院动物科学与动物医学学院,天津市农业动物繁育与健康养殖重点实验室,天津300384

出　　处：《中国兽医学报》2020年第5期973-977,987,共6页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划资助项目(2016YFD0501210)。

摘　　要：随机选择产奶期为(140±15) d的荷斯坦奶牛按照产奶量分成高产组和低产组,研究热应激对高产和低产奶牛血液生理指标、炎性因子和生产性能的影响。结果显示,轻度热应激状态下,高产奶牛外周血淋巴炎性因子白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)均高于低产奶牛,且差异极显著(P<0.01);高产奶牛的球蛋白(GLO)、总胆红素(TBIL)、血液尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(CRE)、谷草转氨酶(AST)均高于低产奶牛,且差异显著(0.05>P>0.01);在生产性能方面,高产奶牛的产奶量下降最为明显,均值达到21%,极显著高于低产组(P<0.01),乳脂肪、乳蛋白、乳酸和BUN均低于低产组,体细胞数则高于低产组,并且乳蛋白和乳汁BUN与低产组比较差异极显著(P<0.01)。结果表明,高产奶牛受到热应激的损伤较低产奶牛严重,并在外周淋巴炎性因子、肝肾损伤、乳产量和乳品质方面表现尤为突出。In this experiment,Holstein cows with a milk production period of(140±15) days were randomly divided into high-yield group and low-yield group according to their milk production.To explore the effects of heat stress on blood physiological indexes,inflammatory factors and performance of high and low yield dairy cows.The results showed that the test cows were under mild heat stress,the anal temperature and respiratory rate of high-yield cows were generally higher than that of low-yield cows,and the inflammatory factors such as IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α in peripheral blood of high-yield cows were significantly higher than those of low-yield dairy cows(P<0.01);GLO,TBIL,BUN,CRE,AST of high-yield dairy cows were significantly higher than those of low-yield dairy cows(0.05>P>0.01);in terms of production performance,the milk yield of high-yield dairy cows decreased by 21%,significantly higher than that of low-yield dairy cows(P<0.01),the number of somatic cells was higher than that of low yield group,and the difference between low yield group and low yield group was very significant(P<0.01).The results showed that the damage of heat stress was more serious in high-yield cows than in low-yield cows,and was more prominent in peripheral inflammatory factors,liver and kidney damage,milk yield and milk quality.

关 键 词：热应激 奶牛 炎性因子 生产性能 

分 类 号：S852.2[农业科学—基础兽医学]