ST段抬高型心肌梗死常用溶栓药物及其进展  

Common thrombolytic agents and their progress for ST segment elevation myocardial infarction

作　　者：林荣[1] 邱利利 吴兵[1] Lin Rong;Qiu Lili;Wu Bing(Department of Cardiology,Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University,Fujian,Quanzhou 362000,China)

机构地区：[1]福建医科大学附属泉州第一医院心血管内科,福建泉州362000

出　　处：《中国医学前沿杂志（电子版）》2020年第6期16-21,共6页Chinese Journal of the Frontiers of Medical Science(Electronic Version)

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金科技项目(2018J01201)。

摘　　要：ST段抬高型心肌梗死(ST segment elevation myocardial infarction,STEMI)严重威胁人类健康。溶栓治疗是缩小心肌梗死面积和降低病死率的有效方法,当前静脉溶栓药物已发展至第三代,第一代溶栓药物代表为尿激酶和链激酶,其价格低廉且安全有效,但在应用过程中常伴药物相关不良反应而影响其疗效;第二代溶栓药物代表为重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂和尿激酶原,其安全性和有效性均得以提高,溶栓后血管再通率达60%~70%;第三代溶栓药物包括瑞替普酶、替奈普酶等,其在半衰期、安全性、特异性、溶栓效率等方面均优于第一代和第二代溶栓药物,是目前院前溶栓治疗的首选药物。本文就STEMI常用溶栓药物及其进展进行介绍。ST segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI)is harmful to human health.Thrombolytic therapy is an effective method to reduce myocardial infarction area and mortality.Three generations of intravenous thrombolytic agents have been developed.The first generation thrombolytic agents include urokinase and streptokinase,as cheap,safe and effective drugs,are often accompanied by drug-related side effects in the application process.The second generation thrombolytic agents include recombinant tissue plasminogen activator and urokinase.Their safety and effectiveness are improved.The recanalization rate of blood vessels after thrombolysis is 60%~70%.The third generation thrombolytic agents include reteplase and tenecteplase,are better than the previous two generations in terms of half-life,safety,specificity and thrombolytic efficiency.At present,they are the first choice of thrombolytic agents for pre-hospital thrombolysis.This article introduces the common thrombolytic agents and their progress for STEMI.

关 键 词：ST段抬高型心肌梗死 溶栓治疗 尿激酶 重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂 替奈普酶 

分 类 号：R542.22[医药卫生—心血管疾病]