大范围海域实时水位解算方法应用研究  

Real-time water level calculation method of large-scale sea area

作　　者：王小刚[1] 赵薛强[1] 沈清华[1] 李炜 WANG Xiaogang;ZHAO Xueqiang;SHEN Qinghua;LI Wei(China Water Resources Pearl River Planning Surveying&Designing Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510610,China;Guangzhou Dianshen Software Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510610,China)

机构地区：[1]中水珠江规划勘测设计有限公司,广东广州510610 [2]广州点深软件有限公司,广东广州510600

出　　处：《人民长江》2020年第6期95-100,共6页Yangtze River

基　　金：水利部珠江河口四期水下地形测量项目(2017-394)。

摘　　要：为实现大范围海域的实时水位控制,满足水位改正的精度要求,基于POM(princeton ocean model)模式与blending同化法、最小二乘拟合法等多种水位改正法,构建了基于精密潮汐模型和多站水位改正模型的大范围海域实时水位解算方法,研发了多站水位改正软件,并采用长期、临时验潮站法和GNSS-PPK法在珠江口海域进行成果精度应用校核。结果表明:①精密潮汐模型精度为4.5 cm,优于国际模型;②水位解算成果误差在±5 cm以内,水深测量数据水位改正成果中误差在±15 cm以内,精度能够满足相应规范要求。运用大范围海域实时水位解算方法可获得研究区任意位置、任意时刻的高精度水位数据,可为水下地形测量、航海的水位信息动态保障、枯水期水量调度及咸潮上溯研究等提供实时水位数据。研究成果可推广应用于长江口、杭州湾等海域的实时水位确定。In order to realize real time water level control of large-scale sea area and meet the need of water level correction accuracy,we proposed a real-time water level calculation method of large-scale sea area by POM(princeton ocean model),blending assimilation method,least square fitting method and other methods.The precision tide model and water level correction model of multi-station were the basis of the real-time water level calculation method.The water level correction software of multi-station was developed and the long term,temporary tide station method and GNSS-PPK method were used to check the water level calculation results in Pearl River Estuary.The results showed that:①The accuracy of the tide model was 4.5cm,which was higher than the accuracy international model.②The error range of the water level calculation results was within±5cm and the medium error range of water level correction results of bathymetric data was within±15cm,which could meet the needs of standard requirement.In the study area,the water level data in any place and time could be obtained with precision by the method.The method could provide real-time water level data for underwater topographic survey,dynamic guarantee of water level information in navigation,water regulation in dry season and saltwater intrusion study.This method can be applied to the Yangtze River Estuary,Hangzhou Bay and other sea areas.

关 键 词：水位改正 潮汐模型 最小二乘拟合法 水下地形测量 大范围海域 

分 类 号：P229[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]