小车-吊重-桥机主梁耦合系统键合图建模及动力学分析  

Modeling and dynamics analysis on trolley-lifting weight-bridge crane main girder coupling system with bond graphs

作　　者：梁岗[1] 程天聪 王桂昇 LIANG Gang;CHENG Tiancong;WANG Guisheng(Logistics Engineering College,Shanghai Maritime University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海事大学物流工程学院,上海201306

出　　处：《上海海事大学学报》2020年第2期110-116,共7页Journal of Shanghai Maritime University

摘　　要：为保证桥机安全可靠工作,桥机振动问题是大型起重设备中十分重要的研究课题,而传统所采用的是单一能域建模方法。鉴于此,针对小车-吊重-桥机主梁耦合系统,利用键合图分块建模的特点,分别建立小车运动系统和简支梁承重结构对应的键合图模型。根据两个子系统之间的功率守恒,组合完成耦合系统的键合图模型,借此建立耦合系统的状态方程。针对小车运行加速-匀速-减速的实际工况,根据状态方程计算系统的耦合频率,采用状态空间迭代解法求解主梁跨中动力响应。分析吊重与小车质量比、绳长和吊重摆动对系统耦合频率和主梁跨中动力响应的影响。结果表明:利用键合图法可以快速有效地构建复杂耦合系统的动力学模型;小车-吊重-桥机主梁耦合系统的动力学特性不仅与小车运行的速度、加速度有关,而且与吊重与小车质量比、绳长和吊重摆动有关。In order to ensure the safe and reliable work of the bridge crane,the vibration of the bridge crane is a very important research topic in the large lifting equipment,while the traditional method is a single energy domain modeling method.In view of this,for the trolley-lifting weight-bridge crane main girder coupling system,using the characteristic of block modeling of bond graphs,the bond graph models of the trolley motion system and the simply supported girder bearing structure are established,respectively.According to the power conservation between the two subsystems,the bond graph model of the coupling system is completed,and the state equation of the coupling system is built.According to the working conditions of acceleration-uniform speed-deceleration of the trolley,the coupling frequency of the system is calculated by the state equation,and the mid-span dynamic response of the main girder is solved by the state space iterative method.The influences of the mass ratio of the lifting weight to the trolley,the length of wire and the lifting weight swing on the system coupling frequency and the mid-span dynamic response of the main girder are analyzed.The results show that:using the bond graph method,the dynamic model of complex coupling systems can be constructed quickly and effectively;the dynamic characteristics of the trolley-lifting weight-bridge crane main girder coupling system are not only related to the speed and acceleration of the trolley,but also related to the mass ratio of the lifting weight to the trolley,the length of wire and the lifting weight swing.

关 键 词：键合图 状态空间迭代解法 桥式起重机 耦合频率 

分 类 号：TH215[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]