基于改进HFACS-MI模型的煤矿透水事故致因分析  

Cause Analysis of Water Inrush Accidents in Coal Mines Based on Improved HFACS-MI Model

作　　者：沈中芹 曾旺 王瑞强 赵云胜[1] SHEN Zhongqin;ZENG Wang;WANG Ruiqiang;ZHAO Yunsheng(Faculty of Engineering,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430074,China;Central South Bureau of China Metallurgical Geology Bureau,Wuhan 430081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)工程学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]中国冶金地质总局中南地质勘察院,湖北武汉430081

出　　处：《安全与环境工程》2020年第3期178-184,共7页Safety and Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家安全监管总局安全生产重特大事故防治关键技术科技项目(hubei002-2017AQ)。

摘　　要：为系统研究导致煤矿透水事故的影响因素,以100起典型煤矿透水事故案例为样本,归纳整理出煤矿透水事故的直接原因和间接原因,并基于改进的人因分析与分类系统(HFACS-MI)模型,结合煤矿透水事故特征,在修正和补充人为因素的基础上构建了基于改进HFACS-MI模型的煤矿透水事故致因体系,最后根据卡方检验和让步比分析了产生不安全行为的原因以及各致因层级间的因果关系。结果表明:不安全行为是造成煤矿透水事故的最主要原因,其中决策型差错、认知型差错和习惯违规表现最为突出,工人的准备状态和精神状态不佳是导致不安全行为的最直接原因,监管部门监督不到位是导致煤矿透水事故发生的深层原因,容易引起组织氛围缺失和组织过程漏洞,从而造成不安全的领导行为,为不安全行为的发生创造了前提条件。In order to study the influential factors of water inrush accidents in coal mines systematically,this paper sums up the direct and indirect accident causes based on the analysis of 100 typical water inrush accidents in coal mines.On the basis of improved human factor analysis and classification system in mining industry(HFACS-MI)and the features of these accidents,the paper amends and adds human factors to establish a cause system for water inrush accidents in coal mines.Then with the Chi-squared test result and the odds ratio,the paper analyzes the intrinsic causation between all levels and the reasons of unsafe beha-viors.The results show that the unsafe behavior is the main cause of the water inrush accidents,in which the decision-making errors,cognitive errors and habitual violations are quite common,poor individual readiness and mental state are the most direct causes of unsafe behaviors.The deep cause is lack of adequate regulatory oversight,which makes the organizational atmosphere lighter and loopholes in organizational process,and contributes to the unsafe leadership behavior,creating the preconditions for the beginning of unsafe behavior.

关 键 词：煤矿透水事故 致因分析 改进的人因分析与分类系统(HFACS-MI)模型 卡方检验 让步比 

分 类 号：X936[环境科学与工程—安全科学]