螺旋管聚能药包钻孔爆破试验研究与应用  

Experiment research and application of borehole-blasting of spiral tube shape charge

作　　者：邓永兴 马宏昊[1,2] 王林桂 张中雷 王奕鑫 沈兆武 DENG Yongxing;MA Honghao;WANG Lingui;ZHANG Zhonglei;WANG Yixin;SHEN Zhaowu(CAS key laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials(LMBD),University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China;State Key Laboratory of Fire Science,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China;Darch Construction Group CO.,LTD.,Zhoushan 316021,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学中国科学院材料力学行为和设计重点实验室,合肥230026 [2]中国科学技术大学中国科学技术大学火灾科学国家重点实验室,合肥230026 [3]大昌建设集团有限公司,浙江舟山316021

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2020年第12期63-69,共7页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51674229,51874267);中国科学技术大学重要方向项目培育基金(WK2480000002)。

摘　　要：为解决钻爆法根底超欠挖问题以及提高炸药在爆破中的做功能力,提出了一种螺旋管聚能药包。为验证此药包的爆破优势,设计了钻孔爆破试验,并进行了数值计算和现场应用。试验结果表明,相比于普通药包,螺旋管聚能药包的炮孔利用率提高7.2%、扩孔率提高8.4%,并且残留炮孔内壁有径向侵彻缝,致使裂缝沿径向发展,进而使水泥砂浆试样出现层裂,有助于产生平整根底。数值模拟显示了螺旋管药包形成射流和侵彻过程,得到靶板受力规律。现场应用结果表明,将螺旋管聚能药包装填于炮孔孔底,爆破后根底高度平均比普通装药低3.6%,根底高度标准差比普通装药少37.5%。研究成果在爆破工程应用中有很大价值,可以降低施工成本、加快施工进度、提高爆破效果,适合在矿山开采、井巷掘进等工程中使用。In order to solve the root bottom extra-insufficient problem of drilling and blasting method,come up with a kind of explosive charge which shaped charge is spiral tube.Firstly,test of this explosive charge to the drilling and blasting systemwere done.The results show that there is shaped effect when spiral aluminium tube as shaped charge liner,and there are radial penetration cracks in the inner wall of the residual hole,and it can improve the borehole utilization at 7.2%and the borehole expansion rate at 8.4%.Meanwhile,deep borehole blasting test was done in the field.The results show that using this explosive charge should reduce the standoff to improve the effect of penetration.Filling the bottom of borehole during deep borehole blasting,the average depth of the root bottom is 3.6%deeper than general charge,and the standard deviation of depth of the root bottom is 37.5%less than general charge.These researches are of great value in the application of engineering blasting,such as reducing construction cost,speeding up construction progress and improving blasting effect and it is suitable for mining and shaft excavation.

关 键 词：螺旋管药型罩 径向射流 深孔爆破 聚能爆破 爆破根底 

分 类 号：TD23[矿业工程—矿井建设]