虚拟功能梯度材料表征栓接结合部动态特性  

Dynamic properties of bolted joints characterized by functionally gradient virtual materials method

作　　者：李玲[1] 王晶晶 史小辉 陈中青 蔡安江[1] LI Ling;WANG Jing-jing;SHI Xiao-hui;CHEN Zhong-qing;CAI An-jiang(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055,China;No.723 Institute of CSIC,Yangzhou 225001,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学机电工程学院,陕西西安710055 [2]中国船舶重工集团公司七二三研究所,江苏扬州225001

出　　处：《振动工程学报》2020年第3期525-532,共8页Journal of Vibration Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51975449,51305327);陕西省自然科学基金资助项目(2018JM5066)。

摘　　要：为提高结合部的建模精度,提出虚拟功能梯度材料法表征栓接结合部的动态特性。首先,利用有限元法仿真栓接结合部在不同预紧力和不同接触区域的受力情况,采用多项式函数拟合出栓接结合部的接触压力分布模型,并根据压力分布规律,提出虚拟材料层的划分准则。然后,探索虚拟功能梯度材料属性(弹性模量、剪切模量、泊松比、密度以及虚拟层厚度)与有效接触区域内接触半径的关联关系,建立栓接结合部虚拟功能梯度材料模型。最终,通过具体算例将栓接结合部划分为2层、3层和4层,并依次确定各层虚拟材料的属性,利用ANSYS有限元中的APDL语言将虚拟功能梯度材料模型与连接结构耦合,建立考虑栓接结合部动态特性的整体结构有限元模型,并进行动态响应分析,将获得整体结构的频响函数与模态试验数据对比分析,发现4层虚拟材料明显与试验结果最为接近,最大误差出现在第2阶固有频率处,误差仅为2.4%。A functionally gradient virtual material method is proposed to characterize the dynamic characteristics of bolted joints,which can improve the modeling precision of bolted joints.Firstly,apolynomial function is used to fit the contact pressure distribution of bolted joints obtained by the finite element method.The division criterion of the virtual material layer is proposed based on the pressure distribution of bolted joints.Then,a functionally gradient virtual material model of bolted joints is established to analyze the relationship between the properties of gradient virtual material and the contact radius of the effective contact area.Finally,the properties of each layer of virtual material are respectively determined when bolted joints are divided into two layers,three layers and four layers.Meanwhile,the functionally gradient virtual material model and the connection structure are coupled to construct the interface model by using the APDL in ANSYS.Frequency response function of the overall structure from the proposed model is compared to experimental measurements.It is shown that the solution of the functionally gradient virtual material model is closest to the experimental result when the bolted joint is characterized as four layers of virtual material,and the maximum error occurs at the third-order natural frequency with an error of 0.44%.

关 键 词：栓接结合部 动态特性 接触压力模型 虚拟功能梯度材料 

分 类 号：TH113.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论] TB123[理学—工程力学]