对《资本论》中劳动价值论的几点认识与澄清  

Several Points of Understanding and Clarification of the Theory of Labor Value in Das Kapital

作　　者：方敏[1] Fang Min

机构地区：[1]北京大学经济学院,北京100871

出　　处：《当代经济研究》2020年第6期5-14,F0002,F0003,共12页Contemporary Economic Research

摘　　要：劳动价值论不是狭义的价格理论,其成立与否取决于它反映的生产关系或交换关系是否存在、以什么形式存在。《资本论》从价值的对象性和价值的本质规定论证了价值实体的客观实在性。在资本主义条件下,商品价值转化为生产价格不过是价值关系转化或“转形”的结果,但在资本主义社会内部并不存在价值与生产价格并行的“双体系”。资本主义竞争的二重性和辩证规律使资本主义商品的市场价值既可能按照平均条件决定,也可能按照边际条件决定。以上原理有助于深化对《资本论》中劳动价值论的认识和澄清相关的质疑。The labor value theory is not a price theory in a narrow sense,and its establishment depends on the existence and existence form of the productive relations or exchange relations that it reflects.Das Kapital demonstrates the objective reality of the value entity based on objectivity and essential provisions of value.Under the capitalist conditions,the conversion of commodity values into production prices is just the result of conversion or transformation of value relations,but there is no dual system of value and production prices in parallel within the capitalist society.The duality and dialectical law of capitalist competition allow the market value of capitalist commodities to be determined either on average conditions or marginal conditions.The above principles help deepen understanding of the labor value in Das Kapital and clarify relevant doubts.

关 键 词：劳动价值论 价值实体 转形问题 供求价格 资本主义竞争 

分 类 号：F[经济管理]