复合氨化处理对我国南方水稻秸秆营养成分和瘤胃降解特性的影响  

Effects of Compound Ammonia Treatment on Nutrient Composition and Rumen Degradation Characteristics of Rice Straw in Southern China

作　　者：马玉林 陈旭 于江楠 肖鉴鑫 刘帅 王靖俊 曹志军[1] MA Yulin;CHEN Xu;YU Jiangnan;XIAO Jianxin;LIU Shuai;WANG Jingjun;CAO Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition,College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科学技术学院,动物营养学国家重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2020年第6期2674-2682,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：秸秆微贮关键技术研究与集成示范(201805510411370)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究复合氨化处理对我国南方水稻秸秆营养成分和瘤胃降解特性的影响。试验设置1个对照处理和4个复合氨化处理,这4个处理分别添加5%尿素(5U)、9%玉米浆+5%尿素(9C5U)、 9%玉米浆+2. 5%尿素(9C2.5U)、 9%玉米浆+2. 5%尿素+3%糖蜜(9C2.5U3M),在氨化0、3、7、14、30与60 d后采集样品,测定氨化处理和氨化时间对水稻秸秆营养成分的影响。然后采用尼龙袋法测定对照处理和复合氨化处理的水稻秸秆的干物质(DM)、粗蛋白质(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)瘤胃有效降解率。结果表明:1)复合氨化处理可以显著降低水稻秸秆NDF和ADF含量(P<0.05),显著增加CP含量(P<0.05);随着氨化时间的延长,DM含量基本保持不变,NDF和CP含量显著降低(P<0.05),ADF含量显著增加(P<0.05)。2)与对照处理相比,复合氨化处理的NDF、ADF和CP瘤胃有效降解率均显著提高(P<0.05),其中5U处理的DM、NDF和ADF瘤胃有效降解率最高,9C5U处理的CP瘤胃有效降解率最高。综合得出,复合氨化处理能降低水稻秸秆NDF和ADF含量,提高CP含量,能显著提高水稻秸秆DM、CP、NDF和ADF瘤胃有效降解率;氨化30 d时各营养成分基本趋于稳定。9%玉米浆和5%尿素组合的处理效果最佳。This study was conducted to investigate the effects of compound ammonia treatment on nutrient com⁃position and rumen degradation characteristics of rice straw in southern China.Experiment was set 1 control treatment and 4 compound ammonia treatments,which added 5%urea group(5U),9%corn steep liquor+5%urea group(9C5U),9%corn steep liquor+2.5%urea group(9C2.5U),9%corn steep liquor+2.5%urea+3%molasses group(9C2.5U3M),respectively.Samples were collected after 0,3,7,14,30 and 60 days of ammonization,and analyzed for nutritional components.Then the rumen degradation rate of dry matter(DM),crude protein(CP),neutral detergent fiber(NDF)and acid detergent fiber(ADF)of rice straw in control and compound ammoniated treatments was measured by nylon bag method.The results showed as follows:1)compound ammonia treatment could significantly reduce NDF and ADF contents in rice straw(P<0.05),CP content in rice straw was significantly increased(P<0.05).With the extension of ammonia time,the DM content remained unchanged.NDF and CP contents were decreased gradually(P<0.05),and ADF content gradually increased(P<0.05).2)The effective degradation rates of DM,NDF,ADF and CP of compound ammonia treatments were significantly higher than those of control treatment(P<0.05).Among them,the effective degradation rate of DM,NDF and ADF in the 5U treatment was the highest,and the effec⁃tive degradation rate of CP in the 9C5U treatment was the highest.It is concluded that compound ammonia treatment can decrease the NDF and ADF contents of rice straw,and significantly improve the rumen degrada⁃tion rate of DM,CP,NDF and ADF of rice straw;at 30 days of ammonization,the nutrients tend to be stable.Rice straw is best treated with 9%corn steep liquor and 5%urea.

关 键 词：水稻秸秆 复合氨化 尼龙袋技术 瘤胃降解 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]