饲粮中不同水平单宁对绵羊瘤胃细菌、产甲烷菌数量和古菌多样性的影响  

Effects of Different Levels of Tannin in Diets on Rumen Bacteria,Methanogens Number and Rumen Archaea Diversity in Sheep

作　　者：丽丽 李大彪[1] 王敬尧 解湧芳 李子南 LI Li;LI Dabiao;WANG Jingyao;XIE Yongfang;LI Zinan(Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science,College of Animal Science,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学动物科学学院,内蒙古自治区高校动物营养与饲料科学重点实验室,呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2020年第6期2722-2729,共8页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31660666)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮中不同水平单宁对绵羊瘤胃细菌、产甲烷菌数量和古菌多样性的影响。试验选取45 kg左右、体况良好的绵羊15只,随机分为3组,分别为Ⅰ组(对照组,不含单宁)、Ⅱ组(含2%单宁)和Ⅲ组(含4%单宁),每组5只羊。预试期14 d,正试期60 d。于正试期晨饲后6 h使用瘤胃液口腔采样器采集瘤胃液,提取微生物DNA,用实时荧光定量检测瘤胃细菌和产甲烷菌数量,采用Illumina Miseq PE300平台测定瘤胃古菌的多样性。结果表明:1)Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组总细菌、白色瘤胃球菌、溶纤维丁酸弧菌、产琥珀酸丝状杆菌数量显著低于Ⅰ组(P <0.05);Ⅱ组黄色瘤胃球菌数量显著低于Ⅰ组(P<0.05);Ⅲ组产甲烷菌和甲烷短杆菌数量显著低于Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。2)Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组Ace指数显著低于Ⅰ组(P<0.05);Ⅲ组香农指数显著低于Ⅰ组(P<0.05);Ⅲ组辛普森指数显著高于Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组(P<0.05),而Ⅱ组辛普森指数显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。综上得出,饲粮中含2%和4%的单宁降低了绵羊瘤胃中总细菌和产甲烷菌的数量,也降低了绵羊瘤胃古菌菌群丰度和多样性。This experiment was aimed to investigate the effects of different levels of tannin in diets on ruminal bacteria and methanogens number,as well as ruminal archaea diversity in sheep.A total of 15 healthy sheep with weight about 45 kg were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups:groupⅠ(control group,without tannin),groupⅡ(2%tannin)and groupⅢ(4%tannin),with 5 sheep in each group.The pre⁃trial period was 14 days and the formal trial period was 60 days.At 6 h after morning feeding,rumen fluid was collected by oral sampler,and then microbial DNA was extracted to measure the number of ruminal bacteria and metha⁃nogens by using real⁃time qPCR and the diversity of ruminal archaea by using the Illumina Miseq PE 300 plat⁃form.The results showed as follows:1)the number of general bacteria,Ruminococcus albus,Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens and Fibrobacter succinogenes of groupsⅡandⅢwere significantly lower than those of groupⅠ(P<0.05).Compare with groupⅠ,the number of Ruminococcus flavefaciens of groupⅡwas significantly decreased(P<0.05).The number of methanogens and Methaneobrevibacterium of groupⅢwere significantly lower than those of groupⅠ(P<0.05).2)The Ace index of ruminal archaea of groupsⅡandⅢwas signif⁃icant lower than that of groupⅠ(P<0.05).The Shannon index of ruminal archaea of groupⅢwas signifi⁃cantly lower than that of groupⅠ(P<0.05).In addition,the Simpson index of groupⅢwas significantly higher than that of groupsⅠandⅡ(P<0.05),and Simpson index of groupⅡwas significantly higher than that of groupⅠ(P<0.05).In conclusion,2%and 4%tannin in diets can decrease the number of ruminal general bacteria and methanogens;the community richness and diversity of ruminal archaea are also decreased.

关 键 词：单宁 绵羊 瘤胃 细菌 多样性 

分 类 号：S826[农业科学—畜牧学]