内蒙古杨树林剖面断层泥特征及其对断层活动的指示意义  

Characteristics of fault gouge and its indication of fault activity in Yangshulin profile,Inner Mongolia

作　　者：李耀宗 李本仙[1] 孟杰[1,2] 朱彤 王晓峰 刘晓旸[1,3] 施伟光[4] LI Yao-zong;LI Ben-xian;MENG Jie;ZHU Tong;WANG Xiao-feng;LIU Xiao-yang;SHI Wei-guang(College of Earth Sciences,Jilin University,Changchun 130061,China;College of Geography Sciences,Harbin Normal University,Harbin 150025,China;State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China;Provincial Key Laboratory of Oil&Gas Chemical Technology,College of Chemistry&Chemical Engineering,Northeast Petroleum University,Daqing 163318,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学地球科学学院,长春130061 [2]哈尔滨师范大学地理科学学院,哈尔滨150025 [3]吉林大学无机合成与制备化学国家重点实验室,长春130012 [4]东北石油大学化学化工学院石油与天然气化工省重点实验室,黑龙江大庆163318

出　　处：《世界地质》2020年第2期353-367,共15页World Geology

基　　金：国家青年科学基金项目(41502044)。

摘　　要：以水泉子沟-天山口断裂带杨树林剖面为研究对象,利用传统黏土矿物地质温度计讨论断层活动特征及断层活动导致温度小幅升高的可能。通过X-射线粉末衍射(XRD)及X-射线荧光光谱(XRF)测试,分析了断层泥及其中黏土矿物的物相及主量元素特征,同时,利用扫描电镜(SEM)对断层泥中分离出来的石英颗粒微形貌进行了表征。研究结果表明,杨树林剖面所在的断层主要经历了黏滑事件,断层活动性较弱且水岩反应程度较低;断层泥中的黏土矿物主要为伊蒙混层矿物,垂直于断层面方向上的蒙脱石伊利石化程度及黏土矿物含量变化趋势表明伊蒙混层矿物可能受到了同震摩擦升温效应的影响;利用黏土矿物地质温度计估算得知,断层泥中伊蒙混层矿物的形成温度为140℃~160℃;断层泥中伊蒙混层矿物形成温度上下限的差值为20℃,代表了同震摩擦造成的断层内部温度小幅升高情况。Taking the Yangshulin profile of Shuiquanzigou-Tianshankou fault zone as the research object,the characteristics of fault activity and the possibility of slight temperature rise caused by fault activity are discussed based on the traditional clay mineral geothermometer.The phase as well as the major elements of the fault gouge and clay minerals in it was also studied using X-ray powder diffraction(XRD)and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy(XRF).Moreover,scanning electron microscopy(SEM)was used to characterize the micro-morphology of quartz grains separated from the fault gouge.The results show that the fault in which the Yangshulin profile is located mainly experienced stick-slip events with weak fault activity and low water-rock reaction.The clay minerals in the fault gouge mainly consists of illite-smectite mixed-layer minerals.The degree of smectite illitization and the change trend of the content of clay minerals in the direction perpendicular to the fault surface indicate that the illite-smectite mixed-layer minerals may be affected by the co-seismic frictional heating effect.The formation temperature of illite-smectite mixed-layer minerals is estimated between 140℃and 160℃by clay minerals geothermometer.The difference between the highest and the lowest formation temperature of illite-smectite mixed-layer minerals is 20℃,which may represent a slight temperature rise caused by co-seismic friction.

关 键 词：断层泥 伊蒙混层矿物 断层活动特征 同震摩擦升温 杨树林剖面 水泉子沟-天山口断裂带 内蒙古 

分 类 号：P542[天文地球—构造地质学]