应用微卫星标记评估寿光鸡的保种情况  

Evaluation of Conservation Status of Shouguang Chicken Using Microsatellite Markers

作　　者：李惠龙 刘丽英[2] 吴桂贤[1] 李显耀[1,3] LI Huilong;LIU Liying;LIU Xinwei;WU Guixian;LI Xianyao(College of Animal Science and Technology,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai'an 271000,China;College of Life Science,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai'an,271000,China;Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention,271018&China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学动物科技学院,山东泰安271000 [2]山东农业大学生命科学学院,山东泰安271000 [3]山东省动物生物工程与疾病防治重点实验室,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《家禽科学》2020年第5期3-7,共5页Poultry Science

基　　金：山东省现代农业产业技术体系(SDAIT-11-02);山东省农业良种工程(2017LZN007);日照市重点研发专项(2019CXZX1108)。

摘　　要：寿光鸡是国家级地方优良品种,原产于山东省寿光市,具有重要的保种价值。本研究利用微卫星标记检测两个不同保种场寿光鸡群体的遗传多样性,评估群体遗传资源现状和保种场的保种效果。结果表明:在来自山东寿光慈伦种鸡养殖场与中国农业大学动物科技学院家禽遗传资源与育种试验基地的两个寿光鸡群体中,5个微卫星标记共有等位基因53个,各微卫星标记的等位基因数为8~15;2个群体中5个微卫星位点的平均多态信息含量(polymorphism information content,PIC)分别为0.543和0.465,平均杂合度(heterozygosity,H)分别为0.601和0.523,说明各群体的遗传多样性较为丰富;2个群体间相似性系数为0.9678,Nei氏遗传距离为0.0328,UPGMA聚类结果将2个群体聚为1类,与白洛克群体明显分开,表明2个群体遗传相似性很高。研究表明两个不同保种场的寿光鸡的保种效果良好,但在遗传多样性上仍然存在一定差别,可能是保种群体大小和保种方法的不同所致,为寿光鸡这一地方品种的保种提供了部分参考与依据。Shouguang Chicken is a national-level local variety,native to Shouguang city,Shandong province,with important conservation value.This study used microsatellite markers to detect the genetic diversity of two different groups of Shouguang Chicken,to assess the status of population genetic resources and the conservation efficacy of the species.The results showed that 5 microsatellite markers had 53 alleles in two Shouguang Chicken populations from the Shandong Shouguang Cilun Chicken Breeding Farm and the College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,the number of alleles of each microsatellite marker was 8~15,and the average of 5 microsatellite loci in 2 populations was average.The average polymorphism information content(PIC)of 5 microsatellite markers in the 2 populations were 0.543 and 0.465 respectively,and the average heterozygosity(H)were 0.601 and 0.523,respectively,which indicated that the genetic diversity of the two populations was relatively abundant;the similarity coefficient between the 2 populations was 0.9678,Nei’s genetic distance was 0.0328,and the UPGMA clustering results gathered 2 groups into1 groups,indicating that the genetic similarity of the 2 populations is very high.The study shows that the 2 different populations of Shouguang chicken have effectual preservation,but there are still some differences in genetic diversity,which may be the result of the difference between the size of the species and the method of preserving.It provides some reference and basis for the preservation of this local species of Shouguang chicken.

关 键 词：微卫星 寿光鸡 保种 杂合度(H) 多态信息含量(PIC) 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S813.1[农业科学—畜牧学]