微山湖子代钉螺血吸虫易感性现场实验  

Field experiment on the susceptibility of progeny snails to schistosomiasis in Weishan Lake

作　　者：缪峰[1] 王用斌[1] 王敬 李伟[3] 熊春蓉[3] 杨坤[3] 张健锋[3] 王鑫瑶 闫浩运 马培连 闫歌[1] 赵长磊[1] 刘新[1] MIAO Feng;WANG Yong-bin;WANG Jing;LI Wei;XIONG Chun-rong;YANG Kun;ZHANG Jian-feng;WANG Xin-yao;YAN Yun-hao;MA Pei-lian;YAN Ge;ZHAO Chang-lei;LIU Xin(Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases,Shandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences,Jining 272033,Shandong,China;Shandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences;Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases;Fourth Hospital of Weishan County)

机构地区：[1]山东省寄生虫病防治研究所,山东济宁272033 [2]山东第一医科大学(山东省医学科学院)国际合作处 [3]江苏省血吸虫病防治研究所 [4]微山县第四医院

出　　处：《中国病原生物学杂志》2020年第4期454-457,共4页Journal of Pathogen Biology

基　　金：山东省医药卫生科研项目(2003年HZ131,合同书号2003年第9号);山东省医学科学院科技计划项目(No.2018-04)。

摘　　要：目的验证在非适宜生存地区的山东省微山湖区生存13年繁殖子12代的长江扬州段钉螺种群是否仍然保持有感染血吸虫的生物学特性。方法 2017年7-11月在微山湖独山岛滩涂挖掘坑塘蓄水,放置10个钢筋铁丝螺笼,内衬40目呢绒绢,笼底铺设泥皮,设置实验组和对照组,每组5个螺笼。实验组每笼投放100只微山湖子12代钉螺,对照组每笼投放等量当月取自长江扬州段的钉螺(该批钉螺与微山湖钉螺同源)。将血吸虫卵与牛粪混合后分置于螺笼中,自然感染127d。回收笼内钉螺,通过单个钉螺逸蚴法和解剖钉螺查验成熟母孢蚴法获得钉螺血吸虫感染率。结果实验组钉螺和对照组钉螺血吸虫感染率分别为3.26%(14/429)和2.73%(12/439),两者比较差异无统计学意义(χ^2=0.210,P>0.05);实验组和对照组平均每个阳性钉螺一次逸蚴分别为3.17条和3.6条。结论长江扬州段钉螺在微山湖区生存繁殖13年后的子代钉螺在湖滩自然环境条件下接受血吸虫毛蚴的攻击,螺体内血吸虫能完成无性繁殖阶段,释放出发育成熟的尾蚴。表明该地区的子代螺群仍然保持有感染血吸虫的能力,其病原生物学特性没有发生变异。Objective Weishan Lake in Shandong is an unsuitable habitat for snails.The aim of this study was to verify whether the snail population,which has survived for 13years and produced 12generations,still has the biological characteristics of schistosomiasis.Methods From July to November 2017,water was stored in pit-ponds on Dushan Island in Weishan Lake,and 10reinforced steel wire cages were placed.Cages were lined with no.40nylon mesh and had mud at the bottom.Snails were divided into an experimental group and a control group with 5cages for each group.The ex-perimental group consisted of 100snails of 12th generation in each cage.The control group consisted of the same amount of snails in each cage;snails were collected from the Yangzhou portion of the Yangtze River that same month(snails in the two groups were similar).Schistosoma eggs were mixed with cow dung and placed in cages.After 127days of natural infection,the snails were recovered.The rate of infection with Schistosoma japonicum was determined by examining each snail for cercaria escape and examining the anatomy of each mature snail.Results The rate of infection was 3.26%(14/429snails)in the experimental group and 2.73%(12/439)in the control group.The rate of infection did not differ significantly between the two groups(P=0.647).Positive snails in the experimental group released 3.17miracidia while those in the control group released 3.6.Conclusion Snails from the Yangzhou portion of the Yangtze River survived and reproduced in Weishan Lake for 13years,and their progeny were attacked by Schistosoma miracidia in the natural environment of the lakeshore.Schistosoma asexually reproduced in snails,which released the mature cercariae.This indicates that the progeny of the snail population in this particular region retains the ability to be infected with Schistosoma,and the biological characteristics of this pathogen have not mutated.

关 键 词：微山湖 子代钉螺 血吸虫 日本 感染 

分 类 号：R383.24[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]