2015年热带气旋“彩虹”的高分辨率数值模拟与风场诊断分析  

High Resolution Numerical Simulation of Tropical Cyclone Mujigae(2015) and Diagnostic Analysis of Wind Field

作　　者：梁莉 崔晓鹏[1,2,3] 李青青[2] LIANG Li;CUI Xiaopeng;LI Qingqing(Key Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Severe Storms,Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029;Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049;Public Meteorological Service Center,China Meteorological Administration,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大气物理研究所云降水物理与强风暴科学院重点实验室,北京100029 [2]南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心,南京210044 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]中国气象局公共气象服务中心,北京100081

出　　处：《大气科学》2020年第3期533-551,共19页Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目2015CB452804。

摘　　要：利用WRF模式,对热带气旋"彩虹"(1522)登陆过程开展了高分辨率数值模拟,模拟验证表明:模式较成功地模拟出了"彩虹"的移动路径、强度变化和降水分布。利用高分辨率模拟资料,分析了"彩虹"登陆期间的大风分布以及热、动力结构特征,结合切向风动量方程开展了模拟诊断,结果表明:切向风动量方程各项在近地面层和边界层顶代表高度上的平面结构诊断分析显示,近地面(0.4 km)层上,VVOR(角动量径向平流项)和VPGF(切向气压梯度项)是切向风变化的最大贡献项;边界层顶(1.3 km)附近,VPGF和VVA(切向动量垂直平流项)对切向风起到正加速作用,而VVOR则根据入流(出流)特征,起到正(负)加速作用。切向风动量方程各项的轴对称平均结构诊断分析显示,"彩虹"登陆前,VVA和VVOR是决定切向风变化的主要贡献项。The process of making landfall of tropical cyclone Mujigae(1522) is simulated at high resolution using the weather research and forecasting model. The simulation was verified to agree well with a variety of observations,especially for the track, intensity, and precipitation distribution. Afterward, the kinematic and thermodynamic structures and the wind distribution while making landfall are analyzed and the wind field is diagnosed from an azimuthal momentum budget based on the simulation data. The analysis of the budget on the representative height of the nearsurface layer and the top of the planetary boundary layer(PBL) reveals that the main contributors to the wind tendency are the radial absolute vorticity flux(VVOR) and the azimuthal pressure gradient force(VPGF) near the surface at an altitude of 0.4 km. Near the top of the PBL at an altitude of 1.3 km, the azimuthal pressure gradient force(VPGF) and radial advection(VVA) contribute to the acceleration of the azimuthal flow, while the inward(outward) advection of the VVOR is responsible for the strengthening(weakening) of the azimuthal wind. The analysis of the azimuthally averaged fields of the budget reveals that the VVA and VVOR are main contributors to the wind tendency before making landfall of Mujigae.

关 键 词：热带气旋 切向风 诊断 动量收支 数值模拟 

分 类 号：P444[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]