基于共享停车的车位租用与分配模型  

Parking Spaces Renting and Allocation Model for Shared Parking

作　　者：孙会君[1] 傅丹华 吕莹[1] 衡玉明 管田超 SUN Hui-jun;FU Dan-hua;LV Ying;HENG Yu-ming;GUAN Tian-chao(Key Laboratory of Transport Industry of Big Data Application Technologies for Comprehensive Transport,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China;Beijing Gong Lian Transportation Hub Construction Management Co.,Ltd,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学综合交通运输大数据应用技术交通运输行业重点实验室,北京100044 [2]北京公联交通枢纽建设管理有限公司,北京100094

出　　处：《交通运输系统工程与信息》2020年第3期130-136,共7页Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(91846202,71890972/71890970);北京交通大学科技项目人才基金(2016RC012).

摘　　要：共享停车作为一种缓解停车矛盾和挖掘停车资源的新思路,其理念与运营策略亟待完善.共享停车运营平台整合停车资源并从中获利,但需要承担车位租赁成本.为充分发挥共享停车模式对停车资源调整的灵活性优势,在综合考虑租用车位成本,提供停车服务收入和拒绝用户潜在损失的基础上,以共享停车平台运营商利润最大化为目标,提出对闲置车位租用与停车请求分配统一决策的整数规划模型,并应用相应指标进行评价.算例结果表明,所提模型能有效提高运营商的利润与车位周转率,为共享停车平台运营商的决策管理提供理论参考.Shared parking is a new concept to alleviate parking issues and to make the most of the parking resources.However,the applications and operational strategies are still on the progress.The shared parking creates benefits by integrating parking resources,but renting the parking spaces also involves some costs.This study proposed an integer programming model to support making decisions to rent unused spaces and allocate parking requests.The model aims to maximize the profits in consideration of the parking spaces rental cost,parking serving income,and the potential loss caused by user rejections.The evaluation indexes were used to measure the effectiveness of the model.The results from numerical example show that the proposed model can effectively increase the profit and turnover rate.The model provides a theoretical reference for the decision management of shared parking.

关 键 词：城市交通 租用与分配模型 整数规划 共享停车 惩罚系数 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]