南疆成龄核桃滴灌条件下根区土壤水分运动数值模拟  

Numerical Simulation of Water Movement in Root Zone of Walnut Tree under Drip Irrigation in South Xinjiang

作　　者：焦萍 虎胆·吐马尔白[1] 米力夏提·米那多拉 JIAO Ping;HUDAN·Tumarday;MILIXIATI·Minadola(College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2020年第6期51-59,共9页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51469033);塔里木河流域阿克苏管理局资助项目(TGJAKS-SKS-2019-001)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究南疆滴灌成龄核桃根系分布和根区土壤水分运动规律,为南疆成龄核桃灌溉制度的确立提供科学指导。【方法】以阿克苏地区进行地表滴灌的成龄核桃树为研究对象,基于Hydrus 2D软件进行地表滴灌条件下的土壤水分数值模拟研究。【结果】①水平方向根系主要分布在0~120 cm范围,垂直方向主要分布于0~60 cm范围。②滴灌带应布设于距树60 cm处;中水处理灌后垂直向浸润可达到60 cm,且均匀度>87%。;③Hydrus 2D模型率定和验证精度较高,RMSE介于0.016~0.022cm^3/cm^3范围,Re介于0.04~0.12范围,R^2介于81.03%~97.19%范围,表明模型模拟土壤水分运移较可靠。【结论】在研究不同灌水定额条件下成龄核桃树的根系分布和土壤湿润区结合Hydrus2D模型,得出成龄核桃的滴灌带应布设于距树60cm处,灌溉定额为450m^3/hm^2的中水处理作为成龄核桃果树地表滴灌的指导灌溉定额。【Objective】The objective of this paper to numerically study root distribution and water movement in the proximal soil of a mature walnut tree under drip irrigation in southern Xinjiang in attempts to provide guidance for improving irrigation water use efficiency.【Method】The walnut tree was in Aksu and water flow in soil proximal the tree under drip irrigation was simulated suing the software Hydras 2D.【Result】①The roots were mainly distributed in soil 0~120 cm away from the trunk in the horizontal direction and 0~60 cm in the vertical direction.②The drip irrigation belt should be placed 60 cm away from the trunk;the irrigating water could infiltrate to the depth of 60 cm with the irrigation uniformity to be higher than 87%.③Calibration of the model against experimental data gave a RMSE in the range of 0.016~0.022 cm^3/cm^3,a Re in the range of 0.04~0.12,and a R^2 in the range of 81.03%~97.19%,indicating that the model was robust for simulating soil water flow with root uptake by the walnut tree taken into account.【Conclusion】Root distribution and water distribution simulated by the model under different drip irrigation scheduling showed that the optimal irrigation was to place the drip irrigation belt 60 cm away from the trunk and keep the irrigation amount at 450 m^3/hm^2.

关 键 词：核桃 滴灌 土壤湿润区 数值模拟 Hydrus 2D 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程]