烟粉虱传播植物病毒特性及机制研究进展  

Mechanisms of plant virus transmission by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci

作　　者：王雨蒙 何亚洲 刘树生[1] 王晓伟[1] Yumeng Wang;Yazhou He;Shusheng Liu;Xiaowei Wang(Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crops Pathogens and Insects,Institute of Insect Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学昆虫科学研究所,农业部作物病虫分子生物学重点实验室,杭州310058

出　　处：《科学通报》2020年第15期1463-1475,共13页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家杰出青年科学基金(31925033);浙江省自然科学基金(LZ20C140003)资助。

摘　　要：烟粉虱是一类小型刺吸式口器昆虫,目前被认为是一个包含数十个隐存种的隐存种复合群.近年来随着进出口贸易的增加,烟粉虱在世界范围内急速扩散.烟粉虱主要通过传播植物病毒危害植物,对世界范围内的多种作物、蔬菜以及园林植物等造成巨大危害.目前可由烟粉虱传播的植物病毒涵盖5个属400多个种,其中菜豆金黄花叶病毒属为单链DNA病毒且均由烟粉虱以持久循环型方式传播,其余4个属均为单链RNA病毒并由烟粉虱以半持久型或非持久型方式传播.明确烟粉虱传播植物病毒的生物学特性,解析烟粉虱与病毒间的互作机制将为阻断烟粉虱传播植物病毒提供新方法、新思路.本文分别对烟粉虱传播不同属病毒的特性进行了综述,并着重讨论了烟粉虱与菜豆金黄花叶病毒属病毒的互作机制.菜豆金黄花叶病毒属病毒跨越烟粉虱中肠、唾液腺和卵巢屏障的过程需要多种介体蛋白的参与.烟粉虱不同隐存种传播同一种病毒的能力往往存在差异,而这种差异性传播往往与病毒穿过不同烟粉虱体内屏障的能力有关.同时,烟粉虱免疫系统在抵御病毒侵染过程中发挥重要作用.此外,多项研究表明病毒在烟粉虱体内存在复制迹象.The whitefly Bemisia tabaci is a group of small sap-sucking insects, which is now recognized as a cryptic species complex containing at least 35 species. During the last 30 years, the Middle East Asia Minor 1(MEAM1) and Mediterranean(MED)species of the complex have invaded many countries worldwide with the import and export trade. With the exception of direct feeding, whiteflies harm plants mainly by transmitting plant viruses, causing huge damage to crops, vegetables and ornamental plants worldwide. Tomato yellow leaf curl viruses, cassava mosaic viruses, cotton leaf curl viruses, and tomato chlorosis virus are all transmitted by B. tabaci, and the prevalence of these viral diseases is closely related to the outbreak of these whiteflies. Currently, more than 400 species of plant viruses in five genera, i.e. Begomovirus, Crinivirus,Torradovirus, Ipomovirus and Carlavirus, are transmitted by whiteflies. Among them, begomoviruses are single-stranded DNA viruses and are exclusively transmitted by whiteflies in a persistent-circulative manner. All the others are singlestranded RNA viruses and are transmitted in a semi-persistent or non-persistent manner. Here, we summarize the interactions between B. tabaci and the plant viruses they transmit, particularly recent advances in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying whitefly transmission of plant viruses. There are multiple barriers during the circulative transmission of begomoviruses within the whitefly, including the midgut barrier, hemolymph barrier, salivary gland barrier and transovarial transmission barrier. Passage of viruses through these barriers requires specific interactions between virus and whitefly components. The ability of a virus to cross the barriers within different cryptic species of B. tabaci can lead to differential transmission efficiencies. Moreover, the whitefly immune systems, such as the autophagy pathway and antimicrobial peptides, have been proved to play important roles in suppressing virus infection in B. tabaci. In addit

关 键 词：烟粉虱 植物病毒 传播机制 免疫响应 复制 

分 类 号：S432.41[农业科学—植物病理学]