2014-2018年南宁市某妇幼保健院手足口病流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiology characteristics of HFMD in a maternal and child health hospital of Nanning,2014-2018

作　　者：韦宏旷 杨小艺[1] 林明[1] 陈明[1] WEI Hong-kuang;YANG Xiao-yi;LIN Ming;CHEN Ming(Department of Prevention and Health Care,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Nanning,Guangxi 530001,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区妇幼保健院预防保健科,广西南宁530001

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2020年第11期1925-1928,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：广西自然科学基金项目(2013GXNSFAA019256)。

摘　　要：目的了解2014至2018年广西妇幼保健院手足口病(HFMD)患儿的流行病学特征以及致病肠道病毒类型,为手足病防控提供科学依据。方法通过传染病报告信息管理系统导出2014-2018年广西妇幼保健院报告HFMD病例,利用Excell对数据进行整理和分析。结果 2014-2018年累计报告HFMD病例共32 477例,占法定传染病报告总数的75.08%,其中332例重症手足口病例,累计4例死亡病例;HFMD每年3-6月份为发病高峰期,7-8月发病情况呈下降趋势,9-10月发病数又开始增加,之后开始下降;2014-2018年手足口发病数总体呈下降趋势;HFMD发病年龄为2月龄~35岁,5岁及以下患儿占94.56%,1~2岁年龄组发病例数最多,占33.13%;男女性别比例为1.50∶1;HFMD以散居儿童最多,累计发病22 869例,占70.48%,幼托儿童9 045例,占27.88%,学生481例,占1.48%;南宁市其他城区HFMD病例数累计16 019例,占49.37%,西乡塘区累计病例数为12 413例,占38.26%;2014-2018年累计采集手足口病咽拭子标本411份,阳性标本301份,阳性率73.24%,其中EV71、COX A16和其他肠道病毒分别为68例(22.59%)、137例(45.51%)和96例(31.89%)。结论 HFMD仍为威胁儿童健康的主要疾病,应加强手足口病相关防控知识的宣教,提高家长及儿童卫生意识;重视HFMD流行趋势以及病原学监测,研制更多有效针对HFMD疫苗来预控HFMD,降低儿童手足口病发病率。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and enterovirus types of HFMD children in the maternal and child health hospital inGuangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 2014 to 2018,so as to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of HFMD.Methods The HFMD cases reported by the maternal and child health hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 2014 to 2018 were exported through the infectious diastase report information management system,and the data were collated and analyzed by Excel 2013.Results 32477 HFMD cases were reported,accounted for 75.08%.Among the total reported legal infectious diseases,there were 332 cases of severe HFMD,and 4 deaths from 2014 to 2018.The incidence of HFMD had obvious seasonality in the time distribution.The peak of HFMD was from March to June in a year while the incidence of HFMD was decreasing from July to August.The incidence of HFMD was increasing again from September to October,and then decreasing.The incidence of HFMD was decreasing from 2014 to 2018.In the distribution of HFMD population,the minimum age of onset was 2 months old,the maximum age was 35 years old,94.56%of the children were 5 years old or younger,33.13%of the patients were 1-2 years old,and the sex ratio was 1.50:1.The number of HFMD cases in other urban areas of Nanning city was the most,with a total of 16019 cases,accounting for 49.37%,followed by 12413 cases,accounting for 38.26%,in Xixiangtang District,Nanning City,where the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region maternal and child health hospital was located.From 2014 to 2018,411 pharyngeal specimens of HFMD were collected,301 of which were positive,with a positive rate of 73.24%.EV71,Cox a16 and other enteroviruses were 68(22.59%),137(45.51%)and 96(31.89%),respectively.Conclusion HFMD is still a major disease threatening children’s health.The propaganda and education of HFMD related prevention should be strengthened.The health awareness of parents and children should be raised.The epidemic trend of HFMD and etiology monitoring shou

关 键 词：手足口病 流行病学 病原学监测 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学] R725.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]