2009-2018年连云港市手足口病流行病学特征及病原学分析  

Epidemiologic features and pathogen surveillance of hand-foot-mouth disease in Lianyungang,2009-2018

作　　者：高玉朋[1] 马会会[1] 赵跃媛 GAO Yu-peng;MA Hui-hui;ZHAO Yue-yuan(Liangyungan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Lianyungang,Jiangsu 222003,China)

机构地区：[1]连云港市疾病预防控制中心,江苏连去港222003

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2020年第11期1933-1936,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的通过分析2009-2018年连云港市手足口病的流行特征及病原情况,为手足口病的科学防控提供依据。方法整理《疾病监测信息报告管理系统》连云港市2009-2018年手足口病病例信息;对采集的病例咽拭子采用荧光定量RT-PCR方法进行检测分型。结果 2009-2018年连云港市共累计报告60 236例手足口病例,年发病率在69.26/10万~179.73/10万之间。通过趋势卡方检验的分析方法发现发病率与发病年份存在线性趋势,Z=334.747,P<0.05,具体呈现为隔年爆发的波浪线趋势;发病高峰集中在每年4-6月,次高峰在10-11月,83.33%报告病例集中在1~4岁。实验室检测3 685份,阳性率80.60%;病原型别EV-71型占53.97%,CoxA16占22.90%,其他肠道病毒占23.13%,重症手足口病病原以EV-71型为主,但近两年其他肠道病毒的比例有增高趋势。结论连云港市手足口病发病情况具有明显的时间、人群、地区特征,应针对散居、幼托及1岁组等重点人群开展EV-A71免疫接种及健教工作;值得注意的是其他肠道病毒占比有增高趋势,应加强其检测能力。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and the pathogens of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD)in Lianyungang over the past years from 2009 to 2018,and to provide evidence for the scientific prevention and control.Methods The data of HFMD in Lianyungang during 2009-2018 was collected from National Disease Supervision Information Mangement System,and the throat swabs were collected for identification and typing by real time fluorescence PCR method.Results From 2009 to 2018,a total of 60236 HFMD cases were reported in Lianyungang,with an annual incidence rate of 69.26/100000 to 179.73/100000.The trend chi-square test was used to find that there was a linear trend between the incidence rate and the year of onset,Z=334.747,P<0.05,which showed a wave line trend that broke out every other year.The onset time showed two peaks,which were distributed from April to June and October to November.The reported cases were mainly children within 1-4 years old,and the composition was 83.33%.A total of 3685 samples were tested by RT-PCR,with the positive rate of 80.60%.Among the positive samples,the proportion of EV71,CoxA16,and other enteroviruses were 53.97%,22.90%and 23.13%,respectively.Critically il1 cases were mainly caused by EV71,and HFMD was dominated by other enterovirus infections during recent two years.Conclusion The incidence of HFMD in Lianyungang city has obvious characteristics of time,population and region.Therefore,EV-A71 immunization and health education should be carried out for the key groups such as scattered population,preschool group and one-year-old group.It is worth noting that the proportion of other enteroviruses is increasing,so the detection ability should be strengthened.

关 键 词：手足口病 流行特征 病原 肠道病毒 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学] R725.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]