2017-2018年成都市金牛区涉禽场所禽流感病毒监测分析  

Monitoring analysis of avian influenza virus in poultry related environments in Jinniu District of Chengdu,2017-2018

作　　者：曾豫 王国庆[1] ZENG Yu;WANG Guo-qing(West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院,四川成都610041 [2]成都市金牛区疾病预防控制中心,四川成都610041

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2020年第11期2061-2064,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的全面了解成都市金牛区2017-2018年涉禽场所禽流感病毒的流行特征,为人防控禽流感提供数据支撑。方法按随机抽样原则,采集2017-2018年成都市金牛区活禽交易市场及家庭散养户的禽类生活环境标本(禽类粪便、案板、宰杀清洗污水、养禽笼具表面),运用实时荧光定量RT-PCR的方法对样本进行禽流感病毒检测,将阳性样本再进行H5、H7、H9、N9亚型检测,采用卡方检验方法对监测数据进行分析。结果 2017-2018年共检测样本149份,其中甲型流感病毒阳性样本55份,阳性率为36.9%。以H5亚型和H9亚型为主,检出率分别为6.7%和18.8%,未检出H7亚型。两种涉禽场所比较,活禽交易市场阳性率(53.2%)远高于家庭散养户(9.1%);采取的四种类型标本中,宰杀清洗污水和禽类粪便的检出阳性率较高,检出率分别为68.2%和36.7%;不同时间段禽流感病毒阳性检出率情况为2017年1月、4月和12月禽流感病毒阳性率较高,2018年1月、2月、4月和10-12月禽流感病毒阳性率较高。结论金牛区涉禽场所普遍存在禽流感病毒污染,应加强外环境监测,采取积极的防控措施。Objective To comprehensively understand the epidemic characteristics of avian influenza virus in poultry related places in Jinniu District of Chengdu in 2017-2018,and to provide data support for prevention and control of human infection with avian influenza virus.Methods According to the principle of random sampling,the samples of poultry living environments(poultry manure,slaughter board,poultry washing sewage,poultry cage surface)of alive poultry markets and family poultry famers in Jinniu District of Chengdu in 2017-2018 was collected,using real-time fluorescence RT-PCR to detect the avian influenza virus,and the positive samples were tested for H5,H7,H9 and N9 subtypes,analysis of data by chi-square test.Results From 2015-2016,totally 149 samples were detected,and there were 55 positive samples of influenza A virus,with the positive rate of 36.9%.The subtype H5,H9 and N9 were found and H5 and H9 were the main pathogens with the positive rate of 6.7%and 18.8%.Compared with two types of poultry related environment,the positive rate of alive poultry markets(53.2%)were much higher than that of family poultry famers(9.1%).Among four types of samples,the positive rate of poultry washing sewage and poultry manure were higher,with the positive rate of 68.2%and 36.7%.The positive detection rate of avian influenza virus in different time periods was higher in January,April and December 2017,and the positive rate of avian influenza virus was higher in January,February,April and October to December 2018.Conclusion The pollution of avian influenza virus has been found in poultry related environments in Jinniu District of Chengdu.It is necessary to strengthen the environmental monitoring and actively take the comprehensive prevention and control measures in this place.

关 键 词：禽流感病毒 涉禽场所 监测 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学] R181.8[医药卫生—临床医学]