2016-2018年江门市市区生活饮用水中挥发性有机物的调查  

Volatile organic compounds in drinking water in urban districts of Jiangmen City,2016-2018

作　　者：陈光强[1] 詹以森 黄展[1] 陆冠诚 李艳清[1] 孟宇航[1] 陈海强 张海鹏 CHEN Guang-qiang;ZHAN Yi-sen;HUANG Zhan;LU Guan-cheng;LI Yan-qing;MENG Yu-hang;CHEN Hai-qing;ZHANG Hai-peng(Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangmen City,Jiangmen,Guangdong 529030,China)

机构地区：[1]江门市疾病预防控制中心,广东江门529030

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2020年第11期2075-2079,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：江门市医疗卫生科技计划项目(2017A4035)。

摘　　要：目的为江门市生活饮用水风险评估、水源地保护提供依据,为西江流域水质保护提供参考。方法采用优化方法测定了2016-2018年江门市市区(蓬江区、江海区)生活饮用水水源水、出厂水、末梢水中的56种挥发性有机物。对浓度需要重点关注的化合物的监测结果,根据地区、消毒方式、管网输配过程分组,使用t检验进行了分析,并进行了方差齐性检验。结果未发现超标样品或项目。江门市市区生活饮用水中常见挥发性有机物为卤代甲烷、三氯乙烯、四氯乙烯、1,2-二氯乙烷和苯系物,浓度需要重点关注的化合物为三卤甲烷类化合物。在不同消毒方式的末梢水中浓度差异有统计学意义的化合物为三氯甲烷(t=13.6,P<0.01)、二氯一溴甲烷(t=7.85,P<0.01)和三溴甲烷(t=7.78,P<0.01),差别无统计学意义的化合物为一氯二溴甲烷(t=0.232,P>0.05)。4种三卤甲烷类化合物在不同地区、管网输配不同过程的水样中的浓度差异均无统计学意义(t值在0.094~1.98范围内,P>0.05)。每种消毒方式的水样中三卤甲烷类化合物的浓度与水期类型无明显关系。结论江门市市区生活饮用水中挥发性有机物整体情况良好,采用二氧化氯消毒代替液氯消毒有助于降低挥发性有机物健康风险。Objective To provide basis for health risk assessment of drinking water and water source protection in Jiangmen City,and to provide references for water quality protection in Xijiang River basin.Methods 56 volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in drinking water(including source water,finished water and tap water)in urban districts of Jiangmen City(Pengjiang District and Jianghai District)from 2016 to 2018 were determined by an optimized method.The monitoring results of key compounds were grouped by areas,disinfection methods and distribution processes,and then statistically analyzed by t-test and homogeneity test of variances.Results No sample or index exceeded the regulations of hygiene standards.Commonly detected VOCs in drinking water in urban districts of Jiangmen City were halomethanes,trichloroethylene,tetrachloroethylene,1,2-dichloroethylene and benzene series,among which trihalomethanes were compounds should be focused on.The compounds with statistically significant differences in the concentration of tap water in the different disinfection methods were chloroform(t=13.6,P<0.01),bromodichloromethane(t=7.85,P<0.01)and bromoform(t=7.78,P<0.01),the compound with no statistically significant difference was dibromochloromethane(t=0.232,P>0.05).Differences between concentrations of 4 trihalomethanes in water samples in different areas or different processes were not statistically significant(values of t ranged from 0.094 to 1.98,P>0.05).The concentrations of trihalomethanes in water samples disinfected by each method showed no significant correlation to seasons.Conclusion In general,VOCs in drinking water in urban districts of Jiangmen City are in appropriate levels,and the substitution of liquid chlorine with chlorine dioxide during disinfection can contribute to reducing the health risk of VOCs.

关 键 词：挥发性有机物 生活饮用水 调查 

分 类 号：R123[医药卫生—环境卫生学]