从可能世界叙事看《拍卖第四十九批》中的狂欢  

On the Carnival in The Crying of Lot 49 from the Possible Worlds Narrative

作　　者：李楠[1] 向琳[1] LI Nan;XIANG Lin(School of Foreign Languages, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610101)

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学外国语学院,四川成都610101

出　　处：《绵阳师范学院学报》2020年第6期133-139,共7页Journal of Mianyang Teachers＇ College

摘　　要：作为后经典叙事学的重要分支,可能世界叙事学对小说的虚构命题提出全新见解,为后现代文本提供了新的解构模型。在《拍卖第四十九批》中,托马斯·品钦借扑朔迷离的侦探案件刻画了多个可能世界,以传统形而上学的二元思维模式,提倡多元文化。本文将运用可能世界叙事理论建构该小说的可能世界模型,并将虚构叙事世界视为具有真值的独立个体,以探讨其真实域、虚构域及虚实间的嵌套叙事。通过真实域中的技术理性展现美国社会的专制秩序,通过虚构域中的激进混乱展现美国社会的多元文化,通过嵌套叙事展现狂欢取代专制的必然性。以此,本文揭露托马斯·品钦对传统中心秩序的解构,对边缘人群的关注及对多元文化的推崇。As an important branch of Post-classical narratology,possible worlds narratology not only puts forward new views on fictional propositions in novels,but provides new model of deconstruction for postmodern texts.In The Crying of Lot 49,Thomas Pynchon depicts multiple possible worlds through intricate detective cases,so as to dispel the dualistic thinking mode of traditional metaphysics and to advocate pluralism.Through the theory of the possible world narrative,this paper constructs the possible worlds model of this novel and regards the fictional narrative world as an independent with truth-value to discuss the factuality,the virtuality and the embedded narrative.The absolute order of American society is shown by technological rationality in the factuality,the multiculturalism of American society is shown by chaos in the virtuality,and the inevitability that autocracy is replaced by carnival is shown by embedded narrative.Through these analysis,this novel shows Pynchon's deconstruction of the traditional central order,his attention to marginalized people and his admiration for multiculturalism.

关 键 词：《拍卖第四十九批》 可能世界叙事学 虚构叙事世界 狂欢 

分 类 号：I106.4[文学—世界文学]