2014—2019年上海市嘉定区甲乙类传染病流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of Class A and B infectious diseases in Jiading District of Shanghai,2014-2019

作　　者：张龙 冀慧方 仇燕青 徐立新[1] ZHANG Long;JI Huifang;QIU Yanqing;XYU Lixin(Jiading Industrial Zone Community Health Service Center,Shanghai 201815,China;Huangdu Community Health Service Center,Anting Town,Jiading District,Shanghai 201804,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市嘉定工业区社区卫生服务中心,上海201815 [2]上海市嘉定区安亭镇黄渡社区卫生服务中心

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2020年第3期99-103,共5页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析2014—2019年上海市嘉定区甲乙类传染病的发病趋势和流行特征,了解近几年传染病防控效果,为未来传染病防控策略和措施的制定提供参考依据。方法从《中国疾病预防控制信息系统》中,按照发病日期导出2014—2019年上海市嘉定区报告的所有甲乙类传染病数据,并对其进行分析。结果2014—2019年上海市嘉定区甲乙类传染病共报告11862例,年均发病率为127.34/10万,报告发病率整体呈下降趋势(χ2=36.354,P=0.000<0.05)。年均发病率居前5位的传染病依次为梅毒、淋病、肺结核、猩红热、乙肝。嘉定区中部地区历年发病率较高,北部和南部发病率较低。男性发病率高于女性,差异有统计学意义(χ2=818.269,P=0.000<0.05)。高发年龄为5~岁,其次是20~岁。发病率排在前三位的职业依次为工人、家务及待业、离退人员。发病时间上,以12月和5~6月为两个发病高峰期;2月为发病低谷。结论2014—2019年上海市嘉定区甲乙类传染病总体呈下降趋势,血源及性传播传染病和呼吸道传染病仍是需重点防控的传染病,以梅毒、淋病和肺结核为主。应结合发病高峰时间和重点人群,制定针对性的防治措施,进一步降低甲乙类传染病发病率。Objective To analyze the incidence and epidemic characteristics of Class A and B infectious diseases in Jiading District of Shanghai from 2014 to 2019,understand the prevention and control effects of infectious diseases in recent years,and provide a reference for the formulation of future prevention and control strategies and measures for infectious diseases.Methods According to the"China Disease Prevention and Control Information System",statistical analysis was conducted on the data of Class A and B infectious diseases in Jiading District of Shanghai from 2014 to 2019.Results A total of 11862 cases of Class A and B infectious diseases were reported in Jiading District of Shanghai from 2014 to 2019,with an average annual incidence rate of 127.34/100000.The overall reported incidence rate showed a downward trend(χ2=36.354,P=0.000<0.05).The top five infectious diseases with an average annual incidence were syphilis,gonorrhea,tuberculosis,scarlet fever,and hepatitis B.The incidence rate in the central area of Jiading District was high over the years,and the incidence rate in the north and south was low.The incidence of males was higher than that of females,and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=818.269,P=0.000<0.05).The high incidence age was 5~years old,followed by 20~years old.The top three occupations in terms of morbidity were workers,housework,unemployed,and retired.In terms of onset time,December and May-June were the two peak periods;February was the trough.Conclusion Class A and B infectious diseases in Jiading District of Shanghai showed a downward trend from 2014 to 2019.Blood-borne and sexually transmitted infections and respiratory infectious diseases are still infectious diseases that need to be focused on prevention and control,mainly syphilis,gonorrhea and tuberculosis.Targeted prevention measures should be formulated in conjunction with peak onset times and key populations to further reduce the incidence of Class A and B infectious diseases.

关 键 词：甲乙类传染病 发病率 流行特征 

分 类 号：R18[医药卫生—流行病学]