2015—2018年北京市西城区5岁以下儿童病毒性腹泻流行病学特征  

Investigation on the epidemiological characteristics of viral diarrhea among children under 5 years in Beijing Xicheng District,2015-2018

作　　者：吉彦莉[1] 王永全[1] 崔海洋[1] 靳博[1] 曹玮[1] 刘潇潇[1] JI Yanli;WANG Yongquan;CUI Haiyang;JIN Bo;CAO Wei;LIU Xiaoxiao(Xicheng Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100120,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市西城区疾病预防控制中心,北京100120

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2020年第3期104-107,共4页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解2015—2018年北京市西城区5岁以下儿童病毒性腹泻的流行特征,为病毒性腹泻防控提供依据。方法采集2015—2018年北京市西城区儿童腹泻监测哨点医院门诊就诊的5岁以下病例粪便标本,用实时荧光PCR对A组轮状病毒(RVA)、诺如病毒(NV)、腺病毒(AdV)、星状病毒(AstV)进行检测。结果共采集粪便标本972份,A组轮状病毒阳性142例(14.61%),诺如病毒阳性136例(13.99%),腺病毒阳性67例(6.89%),星状病毒阳性49例(5.04%),混合感染46例(4.73%)。RVA发病高峰为冬季,NV秋季高发,AstV春季检出率最高,AdV感染无明显季节特征。2岁以内腹泻患儿RV、NV、AdV、AstV的检出率分别为80.28%、77.94%、83.58%、87.75%。结论2015—2018年北京市西城区5岁以下儿童病毒性腹泻的主要病原是轮状病毒和诺如病毒,2岁以内儿童是高发人群,冬季检出率最高。Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of viral diarrhea in children under 5 years old during 2015-2018 in Xicheng District of Beijing,and to provide evidence for prevention and control of viral diarrhea.Methods Fecal specimens from patients under 5 years old were collected from the outpatient clinic of the Children′s Diarrhea Surveillance Sentinel Hospital in Xicheng District,Beijing from 2015 to 2018.Real-time fluorescence PCR was used to detect group A rotavirus(RVA),norovirus(NV),and adenovirus(AdV),Astrovirus(AstV).Results A total of 972 fecal specimens were collected,142 were tested positive for RVA(14.61%),136 were tested positive for NV(13.99%),67 were tested positive for AdV(6.89%),and 49 were tested positive for AstV(5.04%).Mix-infection was found in 46 cases,which accounted for 4.73%.The detection rates of the 4 viruses in children under 2 years old were 80.28%,77.94%,83.58%,and 87.75%,respectively.Conclusion Rotavirus and norovirus were the main pathogens of viral diarrhea in children in Beijing Xicheng District from 2015-2018,and iinfants under 2 years old were the high-risk group.The peak incidence was in winter.

关 键 词：病毒性腹泻 轮状病毒 诺如病毒 腺病毒 星状病毒 

分 类 号：R183.4[医药卫生—流行病学] R512.5[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]