覆膜滴灌对玉米田间水热传输及耗水的影响  

Effect of mulched drip irrigation on water and heat transfer and crop water consumption in maize field

作　　者：祁鸣笛 张彦群[3] 王卫杰 王传娟[3] 吴忠东 王建东[3] QI Mingdi;ZHANG Yanqun;WANG Weijie;WANG Chuanjuan;WU Zhongdong;WANG Jiandong(School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo,Shandong 255049,China;Fenhe First Dam Administration Bureau of Shanxi Province,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030001,China;Department of Irrigation and Drainage,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]山东理工大学农业工程与食品科学学院,山东淄博255049 [2]山西省汾河一坝管理局,山西太原030001 [3]中国水利水电科学研究院水利研究所,北京100048

出　　处：《排灌机械工程学报》2020年第7期731-737,共7页Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering

基　　金：“十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD12B05);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0400105)。

摘　　要：基于充分滴灌条件下,定量分析了东北典型区玉米膜下滴灌与不覆膜滴灌下太阳净辐射、土壤热通量、土壤温度和作物耗水量的差异.结果表明:在晴天覆膜使得净辐射峰值时间滞后约1 h,在阴天覆膜处理土壤热通量能够为玉米生长提供更多的能量;全生育覆膜与不覆膜处理,冠层上方获得净辐射分别为133.25和135.42 W/m^2,覆膜处理获得的可供能量低于不覆膜处理的,但在玉米生长中后期,覆膜处理提高了2%的净辐射;全生育期覆膜提高了0~80 cm土层平均地温1.13℃和土壤积温149.68℃;覆膜滴灌下玉米生长初期和后期的耗水量显著低于不覆膜滴灌处理下的,全生育期耗水量显著减少10.21%,生育期内平均作物系数Kc显著降低7.42%.Based on sufficient drip irrigation conditions,a quantitative analysis of differences of solar net radiation,soil heat flux,soil temperature and crop water consumption with film mulching and without film mulching was carried out in maize farmland in a northeastern typical region.Results show that film mulching makes the net radiation peak time lagged by about 1 hour on sunny days,and the soil heat flux can provide more energy for maize growth in film mulching on cloudy days.Throughout the whole growth period,the average net radiation flux received by the canopy is 133.25 W/m^2 with film mulching compared to 135.42 W/m^2 without film mulching.The available energy received by crops with film mulching is lower than that without film mulching.But in the middle and late growth stages,the net radiation flux in the former is increased by 2%.During the whole growth period,the average soil temperature and soil accumulated temperature in 0-80 cm soil layer with film mulching are increased by 1.13℃and 149.68℃,respectively.In addition,the crop water consumption with film mulching is significantly lower than that without film mulching in the early and late growth stages,and the seasonal crop water consumption and crop coefficient(K c)with film mulching are considerably reduced by 10.21%and 7.42%,respectively.

关 键 词：玉米 膜下滴灌 水热传输 耗水量 东北地区 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程]