基于线粒体COⅠ的南海北部长棘银鲈遗传多样性分析  

Genetive diversity of Gerres filamentosus in the northern South China Sea based on mtDNA COⅠsequences

作　　者：裴丽梅 宫亚运 黄柏炎 章群 徐示 王业磷 PEI Limei;GONG Yajun;HUANG Boyan;ZHANG Qun;XU Shi;WANG Yelin(Department of Ecology,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510632,China)

机构地区：[1]暨南大学生态学系,广州510632

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2020年第3期257-265,共9页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0900802)。

摘　　要：为了解中国长棘银鲈(Gerres filamentosus)的遗传背景以更好地保护与开发利用种质资源,测定了南海北部7个群体线粒体COⅠ基因5′端序列,以分析其遗传多样性和遗传结构。结果发现,176尾长棘银鲈652 bp序列中有25个单倍型,155个变异位点。7个群体整体呈现较高的单倍型多样性(H d=0.767±0.018)与较低的核苷酸多样性(π=0.0550±0.0037)。就遗传多样性指数而言,碣石群体(H d=0.606±0.092,π=0.0592±0.0066)最高,次高为阳江群体(H d=0.323±0.102,π=0.0270±0.0107);琼海群体(H d=0.560±0.125,π=0.0010±0.0003)最低,次低为陵水群体(H d=0.685±0.077,π=0.0015±0.0003)。群体遗传分化系数F st显示,碣石、阳江群体与其他群体间存在高度(极显著)的遗传分化(F st=0.5171~0.8514,P<0.001),这2个群体间有低等程度(显著)的遗传分化(F st=0.1111<0.15,P<0.05),而其他群体间无明显分化(F st=-0.0255~0.0088,P>0.05)。AMOVA分析显示,群体变异主要来源于群体内个体间(61.69%~74.13%),但群组间仍有较多变异(19.06%~37.92%);原因可能与历史上琼州海峡的阻碍、当代复杂的海流以及长棘银鲈只进行短距离洄游等生态特性有关。中性检验显示,海南陵水、东方和新盈群体在晚更新世时期发生过种群扩张,但南海长棘银鲈总体未呈现种群扩张现象,可能是不同谱系的叠加造成整体核苷酸不配对分析图呈现多峰。碣石和阳江群体与其他群体间有高度的遗传分化,可将它们作为一个独立的管理保护单位,其中碣石群体遗传多样性最高,应重点保护;其他群体可作为另一管理保护单位,其中琼海和陵水群体遗传多样性较低,建议及时采取保护措施,避免遗传多样性过度下降而导致资源枯竭。Gerres filamentosus is an economically important fish,and its natural resource has reduced dramatically in the northern South China Sea.To better protect and sustainably exploit the valuable fish,652 bp at the 5′of mtDNA COⅠgene of 176 individuals in 7 sites were sequenced to analyze population structure and evolutionary history of Gerres filamentosus in the northern South China Sea.In total 25 hapoltypes and 155 variable sites were detected,and the sequences of COⅠgene revealed high haplotype diversity(H d=0.767±0.018)and low nucleotide diversity(π=0.0550±0.0037).The highest genetic diversity was found in Jieshi(H d=0.606±0.092,π=0.0592±0.0066),followed by Yangjiang(H d=0.323±0.102,π=0.0270±0.0107);the lowest diversity was found in Qionghai(H d=0.560±0.125,π=0.0010±0.0003),followed by Lingshui(H d=0.685±0.077,π=0.0015±0.0003).F st analysis suggested that Jieshi and Yangjiang were highly and significantly isolated(F st=0.5171-0.8514,P<0.001)from other populations,and they were moderatly and significantly isolated from each other(F st=0.1111,P<0.05).Genetic differentiation among other groups was small and not significant(F st=-0.0225-0.0088,P>0.05).AMOVA analysis revealed that while most variation ratio were found among individuals within group(61.69%-74.13%),variations among groups(19.06%-37.92%)were not small,suggesting that great genetic differentiation existed among some populations.This pattern might be resulted from their limited travel distances,the obstruction of the Qiongzhou Strait in history and the complex currents.The neutrality tests and mismatch analysis showed that the Lingshui,Dongfang and Xinying groups had experienced population expansion during the Late Pleistocene.However,there was no population expansion in the South China Sea in general,the superposition of different lineages resulting from multiple peaks in the nucleotide mismatch distribution might have concealed regional populations expansion.As Jieshi and Yangjiang populations were highly isolated from others,they sh

关 键 词：长棘银鲈 COⅠ 遗传多样性 南海北部 

分 类 号：Q349[生物学—遗传学]