基于线粒体COⅠ基因序列的江苏省4个太湖新银鱼群体遗传多样性分析  

Genetic diversity analysis of four Neosalanx taihuensis populations in Jiangsu Province based on mitochondrial COⅠgene sequences

作　　者：李大命[1] 唐晟凯[1] 刘燕山 谷先坤 刘小维[1] 殷稼雯 王彬[1] 马昊[1] 张彤晴[1] 潘建林[1] LI Daming;TANG Shengkai;LIU Yanshan;GU Xiankun;LIU Xiaowei;YIN Jiawen;WANG Bin;MA Hao;ZHANG Tongqing;PAN Jianlin(Key Laboratory of Fisheries Resources in Inland Water of Jiangsu Province,Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province,Nanjing 210017,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省淡水水产研究所,江苏省内陆水域渔业资源重点实验室,南京210097

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2020年第3期277-286,共10页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：江苏省水生生物资源重大专项(ZYHB16-3);江苏省内陆省管渔业水域渔业资源监测。

摘　　要：为了解江苏省主要湖泊内太湖新银鱼(Neosalanx taihuensis)的遗传背景,利用PCR扩增江苏省太湖、高邮湖、洪泽湖和骆马湖4个群体153尾样本的COⅠ基因序列,并进行测序和分析。经比对获得630 bp的基因序列片段,检出7个变异位点,其中简约位点3个,单一位点4个。153尾个体共定义9个单倍型,单倍型多样性为0.580±0.022(0.050±0.047~0.361±0.103),核苷酸多样性为0.00106±0.00007(0.00008±0.00007~0.00062±0.00020),呈现出较低的单倍型多样性和核苷酸多样性的特点。4个群体间的遗传距离为0.00012~0.00183。AMOVA分子方差分析表明,太湖新银鱼群体间的遗传差异(76.84%)大于群体内遗传差异(23.16%),遗传变异主要来自群体间。种群间遗传分化系数统计检验表明,太湖和洪泽湖群体及高邮湖和骆马湖群体之间差异不显著。中性检验和歧点分布分析表明,4个太湖新银鱼种群偏离中性进化,历史上经历过种群扩张。研究可为太湖新银鱼种质资源科学保护和合理利用提供理论依据。Neosalanx taihuensis is an important economic fish widely distributed in the freshwater lakes of China.In the recent decades,the natural resouce of N.taihuensis has sharply decreased.In order to understand the genetic background and population structure of N.taihuensis in Jiangsu Province,the mitochondrial COⅠgene fragments of 153 Neosalanx taihuensis individuals from four wild populations(Taihu Lake,Gaoyou Lake,Hongze Lake,Luoma Lake)were amplified with PCR,and the PCR products were sequenced and analyzed.Results showed that there were 7 variable sites in total 630bp sites,which included 3 parsimony-informative sites and 4 singleton sites.9 haplotypes were defined among four populations.The haplotype diversity of the four populations ranged from 0.050±0.047 to 0.361±0.103,and the total haplotype diversity was 0.580±0.022.The nucleotide diversity of the four populations ranged from 0.00008±0.00007 to 0.00062±0.00020,and the total nucleotide diversity was 0.00106±0.00007.The genetic diversity of four populations showed low haplotype diversity and low nucleotide diversity patterns.The genetic distance ranged from 0.00012 to 0.00183.The pairwise fixation index(F st)value of the total populations was 0.76843(P=0.0000),and it varied from 0.00971 to 0.87402 among the four populations.Analysis of molecular variance(AMOVA)showed that genetic variation among populations(76.84%)was larger than that within populations(23.16%),indicating that genetic divergence was mainly distributed among populations.The pairwise fixation index revealed no significant difference between the populations of Taihu Lake and Hongze Lake,between the populations of Gaoyou Lake and Luoma Lake.Neutrality test(Tajima’s D and Fu’s F s)and mismatch distribution analysis map both suggested that all four N.taihuensis populations were not at equilibrium and had undergone an population expansion in the evolutionary history.This study can provide a theoretical basis for Neosalanx taihuensis germplasm resource conservation and utilization.

关 键 词：太湖新银鱼 COⅠ基因 遗传多样性 遗传结构 

分 类 号：Q349[生物学—遗传学]