底物大小对牡蛎幼虫附着的诱导效应  

Effects of substrate size on the settlement of oyster larvae:Evidence from laboratory and field experiments

作　　者：范瑞良 李楠楠 王桃妮 孙兆跃 修玉娜 全为民[1] FAN Ruiliang;LI Nannan;WANG Taoni;SUN Zhaoyue;XIU Yuna;QUAN Weimin(Key Laboratory of East China Sea and Marine Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai 200090,China;College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,农业农村部东海渔业资源开发重点实验室,上海200090 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2020年第3期315-323,共9页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所(中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所)基本业务费项目(2015M01)。

摘　　要：为探讨底物大小对牡蛎幼虫附着的诱导效应,设计底物大小和实验环境(室内和野外)的双因子随机区组实验,检验3种规格实验底物(A:5 cm长×5 cm宽×3 cm厚、B:10 cm长×10 cm宽×3 cm厚、C:15 cm长×15 cm宽×3 cm厚,以下简称A、B、C)、实验环境以及他们之间的互作对牡蛎幼虫(室内实验:长牡蛎Crassostrea gigas;野外实验:熊本牡蛎C.sikamea)附着效果(密度和壳高)的影响。附着实验结果显示,室内实验A组附着稚贝的平均密度和平均壳高分别为1.06个·cm^-2和14.10 mm,B组为5.60个·cm^-2和8.69 mm,C组为12.01个·cm^-2和4.44 mm;野外实验A组附着稚贝的平均密度和壳高分别为2.41个·cm^-2和17.83 mm,B组为4.65个·cm^-2和11.61 mm,C组为6.90个·cm^-2和7.43 mm。单因子方差分析结果表明,室内和野外实验中底物大小均显著影响附着稚贝的密度(P<0.001),即底物越大,稚贝附着密度越高,但壳高则相反,稚贝壳高和密度之间呈显著负相关;室内和野外的实验环境对附着稚贝密度影响不显著(P>0.05),对壳高影响显著(P<0.05)。双因子方差分析结果表明,实验环境和底物大小的交互作用对附着稚贝密度影响显著(P<0.05),对壳高影响不显著(P>0.05)。研究结果表明,在牡蛎礁生态修复中,选择适合的底物大小能显著提高牡蛎附着效果。In order to study whether the substrate size and experimental environment could affect oyster spat settlement,we designed experiments to examine the effects(density and shell height)of three kinds of substrates,experimental environment and their interaction on oyster larvae with two-factor randomized manner.Larval experiments are mostly about the screening of substrates and inducers.There are few reports about the effects of substrate size on the settlement of oyster larvae.The substrates were concrete modules made by mixing river sand and cement in a ratio of 88∶12 after grinding.Laboratory experiments were conducted by Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas larvae from fertilized eggs to pediveliger larvae in the seeding farm.Ten substrates of each size were randomly selected and hung on bamboo poles for experiments.The field experiment used Kumamoto oyster Crassostrea sikamea larvae,conducted experiment of settlement on the bamboo raft built in oyster culture area of Xiangshan Harbor.During the experiment,salinity,temperature,water change and feeding were measured to ensure the stability of the experimental environment and the settlement of oyster was observed until it could be counted clearly.The substrates were photographed and counted with a DSLR camera in both laboratory and field experiments.Twenty spats were randomly selected and the shell height was measured with Photoshop 7.0.The experimental results of settlement demonstrated that the average density and shell height of settled oyster spats in group A,B,C of the laboratory experiment were 1.06 ind·cm^-2 and 14.10 mm,5.60 ind·cm^-2 and 8.69 mm,12.01 ind·cm^-2 and 4.44 mm respectively.In the field experiment,the average density and shell height of settled oyster spats in group A,B,C were 2.41 ind·cm^-2 and 17.83 mm,4.65 ind·cm^-2 and 11.61 mm,6.90 ind·cm^-2 and 7.43 mm respectively.Results of one-way ANOVA showed that substrate size affected the density significantly(P<0.001).The larger the substrate,the higher the density of oyster spats.However,the

关 键 词：底物大小 生态修复 附着 壳高 

分 类 号：Q143[生物学—生态学]