河北太行山南段冬季鸟类群落的多样性与分布  

Diversity and distribution of winter bird communities in the southern section of Taihang Mountains of Hebei Province

作　　者：范俊功 王鹏华 陈向阳 张侃 林庆乾 侯建华[1] FAN Jungong;WANG Penghua;CHEN Xiangyang;ZHANG Kan;LIN Qingqian;HOU Jianhua(College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China)

机构地区：[1]河北大学生命科学学院,河北保定071002

出　　处：《河北大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第3期307-314,共8页Journal of Hebei University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：全国第2次陆生野生动物资源调查项目(Eb01-1);河北省自然科学基金资助项目(C2012204087);河北大学自然科学研究计划项目(2014-299)。

摘　　要：为探究中国太行山地区冬季鸟类群落多样性与分布现状,2018年1月和12月以河北太行山南段为调查单元,在调查单元内布设11个调查样区,并运用样线法对冬季鸟类进行了调查研究.结果表明:总计记录鸟类84种48850只,隶属15目33科59属,其中留鸟33种,夏候鸟14种,冬候鸟13种,旅鸟24种,优势种为麻雀Passer montanus和棕头鸦雀Paradoxornis webbianus,全部样区均有分布的鸟类8种;最南部的11号样区鸟类物种数和个体数最多(46种12295只);最北部的1号样区鸟类物种数最少(25种);2号样区鸟类个体数最少(869只).鸟类物种数、个体数与纬度呈负相关;调查单元Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H′)为2.25,Pielou均匀度指数(J)为0.51,各样区H′值和J值最高的是4号样区(2.70和0.76),最低的是8号样区(1.50和0.42);以37°N为界,北方7个样区记录到鸟类71种18844只,占总物种数的84.5%、总个体数的38.6%,而南方4个样区记录到鸟类61种30006只,占总物种数的72.6%、总个体数的61.4%,同时北方7个样区具有较高的Beta多样性周转分组,南方4个样区具有较高的Beta多样性嵌套分组.表明河北太行山南段冬季鸟类物种和个体数在区域间分布存在明显差异.In older to explore the diversity and distribution of winter bird community in Taihang Mountains of China,Bird survey were carried out from 11 survey sample areas in the southern section of Taihang Mountains in Hebei Province in January and December 2018 using the method of line transect.The results indicated:48850 individuals 84 species were recorded,which belong to 15 orders,33 families and 59 generas.Among these 33 species are residents,14 species are summer migrants,13 species are winter migrants and 24 species are passage migrants.Passer montanus and Paradoxornis webbianus are dominant species.The most southern area(No.11)recorded 46 species 12295,which is the most number of bird species and individuals,the northern area(No.1)of bird species minimum(25),No.2 sample region has fewest individual birds(869),the entire unit birds species and individuals number are negative correlation with latitude;Shannon-Wiener index is 2.25 and the Pielou index is 0.51 in the whole survey unit.The Shannon-Wiener index and the Pielou index were highest in the sample area 4(2.70 and 0.76)and lowest in the sample area 8(1.50 and 0.42).With 37 as the border,7 sample areas in the north recorded 71 species 18844 individuals,accounting for 84.5%of the total number of species,38.6%of total number,and 4 sample areas recorded 61 species 30006 individuals in the south,accounting for 72.6%of the total of the species in the mountain,61.4%of the total number,7 sample areas in the north have high Beta diversity species turnover(or species replacement),and 4 sample areas in the south have high Beta diversity nestedness(or difference in richness).The results show that there are significant geographical differences in the number of species and individuals of birds in the southern part of Taihang Mountains of Hebei Province.

关 键 词：鸟类群落 群落分布 Beta多样性分解 冬季 河北太行山 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]