长寿湖水库沉积物中重金属来源及生态风险评价  

Sources analysis and ecological risk evaluation on heavy metals in Changshouhu Reservoir sediments

作　　者：高进长 唐强[2] 龙翼[2] 张信宝[2] 贺秀斌[2] GAO Jinzhang;TANG Qiang;LONG Yi;ZHANG Xinbao;HE Xiubin(Department of Architectural and Environmental Engineering,Chengdu Technological University,Chengdu 611730,China;Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation,Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]成都工业学院建筑与环境工程学院,四川成都611730 [2]中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所山地表生过程与生态调控重点实验室,四川成都610041

出　　处：《人民长江》2020年第4期20-25,共6页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41201272);国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD31B03);中国科学院西部行动计划(KZCX2-XB3-09);校博士基金项目(175059)。

摘　　要：水库作为生活饮用水水源地,受人类活动影响较大,且污染物种类多、来源广、危害大。目前,关于水库沉积物中重金属污染状况分析的研究较少。以三峡库区长寿湖水库沉积物为研究对象,利用地累积指数(I geo)和潜在生态风险指数法,结合沉积年代学序列,对沉积物中重金属Co,Cd,Cr,Cu,Ni,Pb和Zn的垂直变化特征、重金属来源及生态风险评价进行了分析。地累积指数分析表明:表层沉积物中重金属累积顺序为Cd>Co>Zn>Ni>Pb>Cu>Cr,其中Cd和Zn累积较明显,属于轻度污染。潜在生态风险系数评价结果表明:沉积物中重金属潜在生态风险指数RI值大多数低于150,说明潜在生态风险整体较轻,但自1889年以来,RI值一直大于150,应当引起重视。应用主成分析法分析长寿湖水库沉积物中重金属来源,结果表明:水库沉积物中重金属主要来源于流域土壤的自然风化和土壤侵蚀,同时也受到龙溪河流域城市化、工业化发展导致的工业废水和生活污水排放的影响。Geochronology,geo-accumulation index(I geo),Hakanson Potential Ecological Risk Index(RI)and Principal Component Analysis(PCA)method were used to analyze vertical variation characteristics,sources,potential ecological risk of Co,Cr,Cu,Ni,Pb and Zn of Changshouhu Reservoir sediments in the Three Gorges Reservoir area.The I geo results showed that the pollution extent of heavy metals in sediments from high to low were Cd,Co,Zn,Ni,Pb,Cu,Cr.Cd and Zn accumulated severely,showing a mildly contamination.The potential ecological risk evaluation results showed that RI values of the most of heavy metals in sediments were below 150,indicating that the overall potential ecological risk was light.But the RI value had been greater than 150 since 1989,which should be paid more attention to.The sources analysis results showed that the heavy metals were mainly derived from self-weathered soil and soil erosion,and also affected by industrial waste water and domestic sewage discharge caused by urbanization and industrial development in Longxi River basin.

关 键 词：重金属污染 沉积物 生态风险评价 地累积指数 主成分分析法 长寿湖水库 三峡库区 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]