写还是不写,这是个问题——纳粹大屠杀早期见证文学的书写语境  

To Write,or Not to Write,That is a Question:Context of the Representation of the Early Witness Writing of Holocaust

作　　者：房春光 Fang Chunguang(School of Foreign Languages,Shanghai University,Shanghai,China)

机构地区：[1]上海大学外国语学院,上海200444

出　　处：《外国文学》2020年第3期154-164,共11页Foreign Literature

基　　金：上海大学外国语学院“自强计划”科研项目“大屠杀文学中的空间记忆书写”。

摘　　要：纳粹大屠杀过后,卡夫卡对德语写作的经典预言俨然成为犹太作家在德语文学书写中的真实境遇。即使对于非犹太作家来讲,德语依旧成为见证书写的一大挑战;必须见证历史的使命和因没有亲历历史终结的毁灭而无法见证的道德自觉,让幸存者的见证书写呈现出很强的伦理撕裂感;受众对这一文学体裁的抗拒和冷漠态度与书写者对见证的坚持和热忱之间形成了极具张力的对比,它与语言挑战、道德困境共同勾勒出了早期见证文学书写的原生语境,这对后大屠杀时代的见证书写研究亦有重要参照意义。Kafka’s classic description of German writing has become an actual situation of Jewish writers in German literature after Holocaust.Even for non-Jewish writers,the German language is still a great challenge to the witness writing.The witness writing of survivors also presents a strong sense of ethical dissociation,since on the one hand they have a mission to witness history,on the other hand,they have not“touched bottom”as survivors,which leads to an anxiety of moral self-consciousness.As an extreme tensional contrast to the enthusiasm and insistence of the writers,the resistance and indifference of the readers,together with the challenge of language and moral dilemmas,outline the original context of the early witness writing,which is also of great referential significance to the study of the witness writing in the post-Holocaust era.

关 键 词：大屠杀 语言困境 见证伦理 接受冷遇 

分 类 号：I521[文学—其他各国文学]