中国古代的河源图研究--基于知识史的一些解读  

Study on the Maps of the Source of the Yellow River in Ancient China——Some Interpretations Based on the History of Knowledge

作　　者：成一农 陈松 Cheng Yinong;Chen Song

机构地区：[1]云南大学历史与档案学院,云南昆明650091 [2]广西幼儿师范高等专科学校,广西南宁530022

出　　处：《学术研究》2020年第6期109-119,178,共12页Academic Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国国家图书馆所藏中文古地图的整理与研究”(16ZDA117)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：由于在中国古代文化中,"河源"具有重要的地位,因此中国古代对于黄河源头的关注、讨论,甚至实地探查持续不断,由此不仅留存下大量的文本文献,而且还留存下大量的"河源图"。以往对中国古代河源认知的研究,一方面认为通过实地考察,古人对于河源的认知不断从错误走向正确;另一方面缺乏对作为古人"河源"认知的直观反映的古地图的分析。基于以往的研究和文本文献,通过对河源图的分析,可以发现,虽然唐代之后对于"河源"进行了多次实地探索,但今人看来完全错误的"重源伏流"说不仅没有丧失主流地位,而且还将这些实地考察的结果尽量囊括了进来。从知识史的角度来看,单纯的考察并不能带来"知识革命",也不能推翻"经典观点","知识革命"涉及到知识结构的整体性变革,古代如此,今天也是如此。Because of the important status of“Source of the Yellow River”in ancient Chinese culture,the ancient Chinese continued to pay attention to,discuss,and even conduct field investigations on the Source of the Yellow River.As a result,there not only had a large amount of textual documents,but also had a large number of“maps of Source of the Yellow River”.In the past,the research on the cognition of Source of the Yellow River in ancient China,on the one hand,believed that the ancient people’s cognition of Source of the Yellow River continued to change from error to correct through field investigations;on the other hand,it lacked the analysis of ancient maps,which is a direct reflection of the ancients’“Source of the Yellow River”cognition.Based on previous research and textual literature,through the analysis of maps of Source of the Yellow River,it can be found that although the“Source of the Yellow River”has been explored many times after the Tang Dynasty,today’s seemingly wrong theory of“theory suggesting that the Yellow River originates from Kunlun Mountain”has not only lost the mainstream status,and the results of these field trips are included as much as possible.From the perspective of the history of knowledge,a simple investigation cannot bring about a“knowledge revolution”or overthrow“classical viewpoints”.The“knowledge revolution”involves the holistic transformation of the knowledge structure,as it did in ancient times and today.

关 键 词：河源 河源图 河出昆仑说 重源伏流说 

分 类 号：K061[历史地理—历史学]