基于MaxEnt模型的四川大相岭保护区藏酋猴(Macacathibetana)生境适宜性评价  

MaxEnt Modeling-based Habitat Suitability Assessment of Macaca thibetana in Daxiangling Nature Reserve,Sichuan Province

作　　者：余吉 付明霞 宋心强 高飞 杨彪 李生强[4] YU Ji;FU Mingxia;SONG Xingqiang;GAO Fei;YANG Biao;LI Shengqiang(Daxiangling Nature Reserve Administrative Bureau,Ya’an 625200,China;Chengdu Xing-Ai Information Technology Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610051,China;Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation(Ministry of Education),China West Normal University,Nanchong 637002,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal Ecology,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin 541004,China)

机构地区：[1]荥经县大相岭自然保护区管理局,四川雅安625200 [2]成都兴艾信息技术有限公司,四川成都610051 [3]西华师范大学,西南野生动植物资源保护教育部重点实验室,四川南充637002 [4]广西师范大学,广西珍稀濒危动物生态学重点实验室,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《四川林业科技》2020年第3期45-50,共6页Journal of Sichuan Forestry Science and Technology

摘　　要：生境评价是野生动物有效保护与管理的基础。利用2017年6月至2019年11月期间保护区开展的本底调查和红外相机监测获得的藏酋猴分布点位数据以及环境变量数据,运用MaxEnt模型对大相岭保护区藏酋猴的生境适宜性进行评价分析。模型的评价结果为好。研究结果表明:海拔(69.59%)和坡向(19.08%)是影响藏酋猴生境分布的主要环境因子,二者累积贡献率达到88.67%。生境适宜区主要分布于保护区的西北边大部分区域以及东南边的中部和上部区域,适宜生境面积总和为312.77 km2,占整个保护区面积的80.20%。藏酋猴偏好在海拔1500~2500 m(尤其2100 m左右)、山体的西北坡(阳坡)活动。藏酋猴适宜生境存在一定程度的破碎化。为了更好的保护该区域内的藏酋猴资源,有必要加强种群保护,注重生境斑块边缘的人为干扰,条件允许的情况下可以进行适当人工放归,促进种群间的基因交流。Habitat assessment is the basis for effective conservation and management of wildlife.The habitat suitability of Tibetan macaque(Macaca thibetana)in Daxiangling Nature Reserve was evaluated and analyzed by using MaxEnt modelling based on the data of distribution points of Tibetan macaque and environmental variables obtained from background investigation and infrared camera monitoring carried out in the nature reserve from June 2017 to November 2019.The assessment result of the model was good.The results showed that altitude(69.59%)and aspect(19.08%)were the main factors influencing habitat selection of Tibetan macaque,and the cumulative contribution rate reached 88.67%.Suitable habitat areas were mainly distributed in most areas in the northwest of the researve and in the middle and upper areas in the southeast,with the total suitable habitat area of 312.77 km2,accounting for 80.20%of the total reserve area.Tibetan macaque prefered to move at altitudes of 1500~2500 m(especially around 2100 m)and on the northwest slope(sunny slope)of mountains.There was a certain degree of fragmentation in the suitable habitat of Tibetan macaque.In order to better protect the macaque resources in this region,it is necessary to strengthen the population protection,pay attention to the human disturbance at the edge of the habitat patches,and when conditions permit,appropriate artificial release can be carried out to promote gene exchange between populations.

关 键 词：藏酋猴 MaxEnt模型 大相岭保护区 生境适宜性评价 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]