凯瑟硬蜱--中国蜱种新记录  

Ixodes kaiseri-a new record of tick species in China

作　　者：杨梅花[1] 黄祥 赵硕 舒畅 王远志[2] YANG Meihua;HUANG Xiang;ZHAO Shuo;SHU Chang;WANG Yuanzhi(College of Agriculture,Shihezi University,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832003,China;School of Medicine,Shihezi University,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832003,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院,新疆石河子832003 [2]石河子大学医学院,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《石河子大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第3期303-306,共4页Journal of Shihezi University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81960379);教育部人文社会科学研究项目(18YJCZH220);石河子大学高层次人才科研启动资金项目(RCZK2018C04)。

摘　　要：目的基于形态学与分子生物学鉴定方法对我国新发现的疑似硬蜱进行鉴定。方法从新疆亚洲獾和长尾黄鼠体表共采集到硬蜱57只,对其中的8只代表蜱首先进行体视显微镜观察,描绘蜱的形态学特点,随后进行线粒体16S rDNA和cox1基因片段扩增和测序。结果结果显示,采集的硬蜱经形态学观察符合凯瑟硬蜱的形态特点,16S rDNA遗传进化树分析表明8只代表蜱其序列与欧洲凯瑟硬蜱聚为一簇,与六角硬蜱为近源种;cox1基因遗传进化树分析表明我国分布的凯瑟硬蜱较为古老,并且发现来源于亚洲獾和长尾黄鼠凯瑟硬蜱在16S rDNA和cox1基因上不存在宿主差异性。结论新疆凯瑟硬蜱的发现扩大了我国已有蜱种的种类。关注野生动物体表寄生蜱的种类有望进一步在我国发现新的蜱种。Objective Based on methods of morphological and molecular biological identification,the newly discovered Ixodid tick species in China were identified.Methods Fifty-seven ticks were collected from the body surface of Asian Badger and the long-tailed ground squirrel in Xinjiang.Eight of them were observed under stereo-anatomical microscope to describe the morphological characteristics of ticks.Then the 16 S rDNA and cox 1 gene fragments of mitochondria were amplified and sequenced.Results The results showed that the morphological characteristics of Ixodes cathayensis were accorded with the morphological characteristics of Ixodes kaiseri.16 S rDNA phylogenetic tree analysis showed that 8 Ixodes represented a cluster of Ixodes kaiseri in Europe,and they were closely related to Ixodes hexagonus.Cox 1 gene phylogenetic tree analysis showed that Ixodes kaiseri distributed in China were relatively ancestral.There were no host differences in 16 S rDNA and cox 1 genes between Ixodes kaiseri from Asian badger and long-tailed ground squirrel.Conclusion The discovery of Ixodes kaiseri in Xinjiang has enlarged the species of ticks in China.Attention to the species of ticks parasiting on the surface of wildlife is expected to further discover new ticks in China.

关 键 词：凯瑟硬蜱 亚洲獾 长尾黄鼠 新疆 

分 类 号：R53[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]