日粮蛋白质水平对生长肥育猪消化代谢的影响  

Effect of dietary protein levels on digestion and metabolism of growing-finishing pigs

作　　者：尚秀国 邓波[2] 朱晓萍 陶新[2] 袁启志 冯尚连[2] SHANG Xiuguo;DENG Bo;ZHU Xiaoping;TAO Xin;YUAN Qizhi;FENG Shanglian(School of Life Sciences and Engineering,Foshan University,Foshan Guangdong 528225,China;Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Institute,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,China)

机构地区：[1]佛山科学技术学院生命科学与工程学院,广东佛山5282252 [2]浙江省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,杭州310021

出　　处：《东北农业大学学报》2020年第6期54-62,共9页Journal of Northeast Agricultural University

基　　金：浙江省科技计划项目(2018C02044)。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究基于净能和标准回肠可消化氨基酸体系配制的低蛋白日粮对生长肥育猪的应用效果。选取平均体重为(68.33±0.881)kg母猪和阉公猪各24头,按性别各分为2组,分别饲喂高、低蛋白日粮。日粮蛋白质水平第一阶段分别为16.85%和13.10%,第二阶段为15.40%和11.45%,试验期51 d。试验结束后,每组选取8头试验猪屠宰,收集血清和肝脏样品检测相关指标。研究发现,饲喂低蛋白日粮不影响猪平均日增重ADG和平均日采食量ADFI(P>0.05),可使料重比降低5.72%(P<0.05);饲喂低蛋白日粮降低粗蛋白质(P=0.003)、钙(P=0.000)和磷消化率(P=0.001),提高粗脂肪消化率(P=0.002),日粮蛋白质水平和猪性别对粗脂肪消化率的影响呈交互作用(P<0.05);饲喂低蛋白日粮降低猪血清尿素氮含量(P<0.05),日粮蛋白质水平和猪性别对血清总蛋白含量的影响呈交互作用(P=0.007);低蛋白日粮增加肝脏必需脂肪酸含量(P=0.007),降低丙酮酸含量(P=0.006),日粮蛋白质水平和猪性别对肝脏尿素氮含量的影响呈交互作用(P<0.05)。结果表明,结合净能和标准回肠可消化氨基酸体系配制的低蛋白氨基酸平衡日粮可提高生长肥育猪饲料转化率。日粮蛋白质水平和生长肥育猪性别间对营养成分的消化代谢具有互作效应。This experiment was conducted to study the effects of low protein diet formulated by net energy and standard ileal digestible amino acidsystem on growing-finishing pigs.Twenty-four gilts and 24 barrows about(68.33±0.881)kg were randomly allocated into two groups by gender separately.These groups were the two pairs of gilts and barrows fed with high protein diet and low protein diet.The experiment lasted for 51 days.At the end of the experiment,eight animals per group were slaughtered.The samples of serum and liver were collected to detect the corresponding indices.The results showed that low protein diet had no significant effects on ADG and ADFI(P>0.05),the feed/gain of pigs was decreased by 5.72%(P<0.05).The apparent digestibility of crude protein(P=0.003),calcium(P=0.000)and phosphorus(P=0.001)was decreasedand that of crude fat of pigs fed low protein diet was increased(P=0.002)compared with those fed high protein diet.Dietary protein levels and porcine genderhada significantly interactive effect(P<0.05)on crude fatdigestibility.Low protein diet decreased the content of serum urea nitrogen(P<0.05).Dietary protein levels and porcine genderhad aninteractive effect(P=0.007)onserum total protein content.Low protein diet significantly increased the content of hepatic non-esterified fatty acid(P=0.007)and decreased the content of hepatic pyruvic acid(P=0.006).Dietary protein levels and porcine genderhada significantly interactive effect(P<0.05)on the content of hepatic urea nitrogen.These results indicated that lowproteindietwith amino acid balanceformulated by net energy and standard ileal digestible amino acidsystem could improve the feed conversion ratio of growing-finishing pigs.Dietary protein levels and porcine gender had an interactive effect on digestion and metabolism of nutrients.

关 键 词：蛋白质 日粮 猪 生长性能 表观消化率 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]