WTO深度发展与国际贸易——基于政府采购协定视角的经验分析  

The Depth Development of WTO and International Trade:A Study Based on the Perspective of Government Procurement Agreement

作　　者：齐欣[1] 孙凤洋 Qi Xin;Sun Fengyang(Tianjin University of Finance and Economics,Tianjin)

机构地区：[1]天津财经大学经济学院

出　　处：《经济社会体制比较》2020年第3期141-152,共12页Comparative Economic & Social Systems

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“美国逆全球化视域下我国跨境资本与宏观经济均衡”(项目编号:17ZDA100);天津市教育委员会社会科学重大项目“一带一路视域下的国际产能合作与界域治理机制研究”(项目编号:2016JWD20)。

摘　　要：文章利用包含225个国家或地区的面板数据(1995—2016年货物贸易数据)建立引力模型,分析了世贸组织成员方加入政府采购协定(GPA)对贸易的影响。文章认为,加入GPA对WTO深度发展具有重要意义。GPA是WTO框架下的诸边协定之一,目标是促进各成员方深度开放,扩大国际贸易。实证结果表明加入WTO会促进国际贸易增长,在此基础上加入GPA会进一步强化WTO的贸易促进作用。从贸易边际分析来看,加入WTO会扩展成员方贸易广度,而加入GPA则会同时增加成员方贸易广度和贸易深度。从不同类型国家或地区加入GPA促进贸易的影响来看,加入GPA对发展中国家(地区)的贸易促进作用是巨大的,但对发达国家(地区)之间的贸易促进作用不显著。同时,GPA的贸易促进作用也是有条件的,贸易双方同时加入GPA可以促进贸易发展,但是仅单边加入GPA的贸易促进作用不显著。This paper assesses the impact of WTO members’ accession to government procurement agreement(GPA) on trade by using a gravity model applied to a panel dataset covering 225 countries(areas) over the period 1995-2016 for trade in goods, and points out that accession to GPA is of great significance to the depth development of WTO. GPA is one of the plurilateral agreements under the framework of WTO, which aims to promote members to open their own government procurement market and expand international trade. The empirical results show that accession to WTO will promote the growth of international trade, and on this basis, accession to GPA will further deepens the role of WTO in promoting trade. From the perspective of marginal analysis of trade, accession to WTO will expand the trade breadth of members, while accession to GPA will increase the breadth and depth of trade of members. From the perspective of the impact of different types of countries’(regions’) accession to GPA on trade promotion, accession to GPA has a great impact on the trade promotion of middle-income countries, but its effect on trade promotion among developed countries(regions) is not significant. At the same time, GPA’s trade promotion effect is also conditional. The accession to GPA by both trade parties can promote the development of trade, while the unilateral accession to of GPA has no significant effect on trade promotion. At the same time, after considering zero trade and endogenous factors, the above core conclusions are still sound.

关 键 词：政府采购协定 世界贸易组织 国际贸易 引力模型 

分 类 号：F753[经济管理—国际贸易]