云南省七个民族学生月经初潮、首次遗精与形态发育的关系  

Relationship between menarche and first spermatorrhea and physical features among students from seven nationalities in Yunnan Province

作　　者：谭敏[1] 韦蝶心[1] 常利涛[1] 黄达峰[1] 吕慧[1] TAN Min;WEI Die-xin;CHANG Li-tao;HUANG Da-feng;LV Hui(Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Kunming 650022,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省疾病预防控制中心学校卫生所,云南昆明650022

出　　处：《中国校医》2020年第5期323-326,共4页Chinese Journal of School Doctor

摘　　要：目的了解云南省7个民族学生月经初潮和首次遗精与形态发育之间的关系,为研究学生生长发育规律和开展青春期性教育提供依据。方法利用2014年全国学生体质健康调研数据,分析云南省7个民族学生月经初潮和首次遗精对身高、体重、胸围和维尔维克指数的影响。结果男生性成熟年龄晚于女生,2014年云南省7个民族女生月经初潮半数年龄最小为汉族(12.28岁)、傣族(12.40岁),最大为哈尼族(13.06岁)、傈僳族(13.04岁),男生首次遗精半数年龄最小为佤族(13.43岁)、纳西族(14.01)岁,最大为傈僳族(15.29岁)、哈尼族(14.60岁);女生来潮组的形态发育状况好于未来潮组(P值均<0.05),男生已遗精组与未遗精组的差异,只有部分项目有统计学意义。结论应针对不同性别、种族、地域特点,适时适量进行青春期性教育,加强少数民族学生的膳食营养,改变不合理膳食结构和饮食习惯,强化体育锻炼,更好地促进学生的生长发育。Objective To explore the relationship between menarche and first spermatorrhea and physical features among students from seven nationalities(Han,Bai,Hani,Dai,Wa,Naxi and Lisu)in Yunnan Province,so as to provide the evidence for the research of the growth and development law of the students and carrying out the puberty sex health education.Methods The data of the National Physical Fitness and Health Surveillance in 2014 were collected and the effects of menarche and first spermatorrhea on the height,weight,chest circumference and Weierweike index were investigated in the students of the seven nationalities in Yunnan Province.Results The sexual maturity age of the boys was later than that of the girls.In girls,the age at menarche in Han nationality was the least(12.28 years old)in the seven nationalities,followed by Dai nationality(12.40 years old),and the age at menarche in Hani nationality was the greatest(13.06 years old),followed by Lisu nationality(13.04 years old).In boys,the age at the first spermatorrhea in Wa nationality was the least(13.43 years old),followed by Naxi nationality,and the age at the first spermatorrhea in Lisu nationality was the greatest(15.29 years old),followed by Hani nationality(14.60 years old).In the girls,the physical features of the menarche group was better than that of the immaturity group,while in the boys,the physical features only had a few difference between the spermatorrhea group and the un-spermatorrhea group.Conclusion Adolescence education and sexual education should be developed according to the different sexes and different development types.

关 键 词：月经初潮 遗精 身高 体重 少数民族 学生 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]