我国高校监察制度的性质、功能与改革愿景  

The Nature,Function and Reform Vision Of University Supervision Systems in China

作　　者：秦前红[1] 石泽华[1] Qin Qianhong;Shi Zehua(Wuhan University)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学法学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《武汉大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2020年第4期124-139,共16页Wuhan University Journal：Philosophy & Social Science

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目(14JZD003)。

摘　　要：高校监察机构作为校内负责行政监察工作的职能部门,由高校自主设置并主要执行内部纪律规则,与行政监察部门"异体同质"并形成共治关系。高校监察制度兼有实现政纪自察和维持学术自律之现实功能,后者与高校学术惩戒制度之功能并行不悖,但必须尊重中国高校的学术传统和学术规律。将高校纳入国家监察范围应属必要,但两种监察之职能交叉主要限于廉政监察层面。因此,国家监察体制改革对该制度之调整主要表现为规则制定、政纪追责和人员产生的双重化倾向。未来高校监察制度仍有存续价值,其对接国家监察体制改革的可行方案是在既往"以内部监察和纪检约束为主渠道"的模式之上完善创新,包括例外性地嵌入监察派驻制度,明确派驻情形、授权形式、领导体制、机构设置和职责权限;通过监察对象和职责权限的区分与衔接,理顺高校监察机构与监察委员会及其派驻机构的监督关系;行政监察与人事监管相分离,处理好学校监察机构、教职工所在单位和人事部门的关系。在廉政监察之外,国家监察不宜直接介入高校内部监督工作,可以通过强化对在高校学术专业发展方面具有监管职能的政府部门和专业性人民团体的监察,进一步推进高校内部监督法治化规范化。The supervision organization of universities is a functional department of administrative supervision, which is set up by the university itself and mainly implements internal disciplinary rules. The university supervision organization and the government supervision organization are different organizations with the same essence, thus forming a common governance relationship. In reality, the university supervision system has the functions of realizing administrative self-discipline and maintaining academic self-discipline. The latter does not contradict the function of the academic disciplinary system of universities under the premise of meeting necessary limits. It is necessary to bring universities into the scope of state supervision. As the overlapping scope of the functions of the two kinds of supervision is mainly limited to the level of administrative integrity,the adjustment of this system in the reform of the national supervision system is mainly manifested in the dual tendency of the formulation of rules, the investigation of administrative disciplinary responsibility and the emergence of supervisory staff. In the future, the university supervision system still has practical value. To improve and innovate the former mode of "taking internal supervision of universities and discipline inspection of the CPC as the main carriers" is a feasible plan for this system to connect with the reform of the national supervision system. First of all, we can carry out the dispatch system of the Supervisory Committee on an exceptional basis. At the same time, we must make clear the premise of the dispatch and the nature of the dispatch authorization, as well as the dispatch department’s leadership system, institutional setting and the scope of authority. Secondly, we could straighten out the specific relationship between university supervision organization and national supervision organization through the distinction and connection between the supervision object and the scope of authority. Finally, the two functions of a

关 键 词：国家监察体制改革 高校监察 学术自律 廉政监察 派驻制度 人事监管 

分 类 号：D911[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学] D921.12[政治法律—法学]