思南牛遗传资源保护选育和改良利用的问题和对策  

Problems and Countermeasures of Protection,Breeding,Improvement and Utilization of Sinan Cattle Genetic Resources

作　　者：沈思远 王大会 安清明 贺花[3] 李佳霄 梁君桐 雷初朝[1] 陈宏[1] 黄永震[1] SHEN Si-yuan;WANG Da-hui;AN Qing-ming;HE Hua;LI Jia-xiao;LIANG Jun-tong;LEI Chu-zhao;CHEN Hong;HUANG Yong-zhen(College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100;College of Agriculture and Forestry Engineering of Tongren Unviersity, Tongren, Guizhou 554300;College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]铜仁学院农林工程与规划学院,贵州铜仁554300 [3]西北农林科技大学动物医学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《中国牛业科学》2020年第3期56-58,共3页China Cattle Science

基　　金：国家肉牛牦牛产业技术体系专项(CARS-37);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2018]2277);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2018]1161);西北农林科技大学2019年大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201910712109,S201910712062,X201910712408)。

摘　　要：思南黄牛是我国著名的地方优良品种之一,素有短小精悍、体质结实等特点,是十分适宜山区耕作和放牧且有良好挽力和产肉性能的品种。然而,在遗传上该品种却存在着外种杂交、母牛繁殖率低、近亲繁殖现象严重等遗传资源问题。为解决这些问题,笔者采取恰当且符合实际的解决方案,就思南黄牛所存在的遗传资源选育问题及改良利用的对策进行阐述,并展望了未来思南黄牛将处于的资源选育情况。Sinan cattle is one of the famous local excellent breeds in China.Known as short and strong physique and other characteristics,it is very suitable for mountain farming and grazing and has good pull and meat performance of the variety.However,in the genetic resources of this variety,there are hybrids of foreign varieties,low reproductive rate in cattle,and inbreeding problem.To solve these problems,we have taken some suitable and truthfulness situations.In this article,the problem of resource selection and utilization of Sinan cattle and the countermeasure of improvement and utilization are described.The resources selection and breeding of Sinan scalpers in the future are also discussed.

关 键 词：思南黄牛 遗传资源 保护 选育 改良利用 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]