《里海法律地位公约》达成原因及影响研究  

Studies on Reasons and Effects of Signature of The Convention on the Legal Status of the Caspian Sea

作　　者：周明[1,2] 翟化胜 Zhou Ming;Zhai Huasheng(Institute of Central Asian Studies,Lanzhou University;School of Politics and International Relations,Lanzhou University)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学中亚研究所 [2]兰州大学政治与国际关系学院

出　　处：《国际关系研究》2020年第2期47-69,155,共24页Journal of International Relations

基　　金：国家社科基金“一带一路”专项项目“中亚五国研究与数据库建设”(项目编号:17VDL003);新疆智库项目“中亚安全形势的变化与‘丝绸之路经济带’建设”(项目编号:XJZK2018YW008)的阶段性成果;2019年度兰州大学人文社科类中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金重点研究基地项目“欧亚秩序与一带一路研究”(项目编号:2019jbkyjd005);其他类别项目(项目编号:2019jbkytd002、2019jbkyzx014)的资助。

摘　　要：自苏联解体以来,里海沿岸国家就里海法律地位及其划分展开了20多年持续不断的争论。2018年8月12日在里海峰会上签署的《里海法律地位公约》,暂时结束了这一局面。《里海法律地位公约》的签署,是里海沿岸各国在新形势下妥协的结果。该公约的达成,为里海地区新制度的建立奠定了法律基础,而且将对里海地区的稳定、油气资源的开发和出口以及全球能源安全的保障发挥重要作用。尽管《里海法律地位公约》的达成具有重要的积极意义,该公约在某些关键问题上仍然存在模糊之处,如缺乏具体明确的争端解决方案、海床与海底划分规则的含混不清等。总之,《里海法律地位公约》的签署虽具有重大意义,但不足以一劳永逸地解决里海问题。Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union,the Caspian coastal countries have fallen into incessant debates over the legal status and the division of the Caspian Sea for more than 20 years. The Convention on the Legal Status of the Caspian Sea,signed at the Summit of the Caspian States( the so-called "Caspian five"countries) on August 12,2018,puts an end to this situation temporarily. The signing of The Convention on the Legal Status of the Caspian Sea results from the compromises among the Caspian Sea countries under the new situations. The signature of this Convention not only lays a legal foundation for the establishment of a new system in the Caspian Sea region,but also will play an important role in the stability of the Caspian Sea region,the development and export of oil and gas resources and the maintenance of global energy security. Although the signature of this Convention demonstrates important positive significance,this Convention still implies some ambiguities on some key issues,such as the absence of specific and clear-cut dispute settlement solutions,the ambiguity of division rules for seabed and seafloor,etc. In conclusion,the signature of the Convention on the Legal Status of the Caspian Sea is of great significance,but it is not enough to resolve the Caspian Sea issue once and for all.

关 键 词：《里海法律地位公约》 里海峰会 里海资源开发 地区稳定 全球能源安全 

分 类 号：D993.5[政治法律—国际法学]