1JM-200灭茬旋耕一体机关键部件设计与试验  

Design and experiment of key components of 1JM-200 stubble cleaning rotary tiller integrated machine

作　　者：秦宽[1,2] 周强 曹成茂 李威亚[3] 张远 刘权 QIN Kuan;ZHOU Qiang;CAO Chengmao;LI Weiya;ZhANG Yuan;LIU Quan(School of Engineering,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China;Anhui Intelligent Agricultural Machinery Equipment Engineering Laboratory,Hefei 230036,China;Zhengxingyongfa Agricultural Machinery Company Limited,Bozhou Anhui 233500,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学工学院,合肥230036 [2]安徽省智能农机装备工程实验室,合肥230036 [3]振兴永发农业机械有限公司,安徽亳州233500

出　　处：《东北农业大学学报》2020年第5期78-88,共11页Journal of Northeast Agricultural University

基　　金：安徽省科技重大专项(812136763034,711305938042)。

摘　　要：针对江淮流域稻麦轮作区稻茬地灭茬旋耕一体化整地作业及减耗需要,设计1JM-200灭茬旋耕一体机关键部件。通过分析节能型旋耕刀、圆盘切茬刀、碎土栅、覆土辊等关键部件作业过程能耗,设计节能型旋耕刀侧切刃与正切刃曲线、圆盘切茬刀切茬齿刃口倾角、碎土栅曲线、覆土杆与水平方向夹角等关键参数,并通过离散元仿真、响应曲面法得出最优关键配合参数:切茬刀辊中心点至旋耕刀辊中心点横向距离为489 mm;碎土栅根部至旋耕刀辊中心点横向距离为219 mm。田间试验结果表明,设计节能型旋耕刀达到降低整机作业功耗目的,设计圆盘切茬刀与覆土辊结构合理,作业过程未显著增加整机作业功耗。整机作业扭矩与作业功耗分别为207.6N·m、17.65 kW,低于整机对照组,说明设计1JM-200灭茬旋耕一体机各关键部件及配合参数达到降低整机作业功耗目的。整机作业后地表平整度为3.1 cm,根茬粉碎率为84.8%,均满足行业农艺要求,说明该机可降低功耗并保证作业质量。Integration of crop stubble cleaning and rotary tillage after harvest in Rice-wheat rotation system grain-producing areas of the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin,and its consumption reduction needs.The key components of the 1JM-200 stubble cleaning rotary tiller integrated machine were designed.On the basis of IT260 rotary blade,the equal-diameter spiral and the eccentric circle method were used to improve the design of the cutting edge and the side cutting edge respectively to complete the energy-saving rotary tiller suitable for the machine,and to design the front disc cutter and the rod-type earthsoiled roller and matching,complete the drag reduction and consumption reduction design of the whole machine system.Field experiments showed that:for the operation of rice stubble and corn stubble,the energy-saving rotary blade and pre-stubble cleaning device designed cold significantly reduce the power consumption of the whole machine.The torque and power consumption of the integrated machine were 207.6 N·m,17.65 kW respectively.The power consumption of the integrated machine in the rice stubble test was lower than that of the whole control group,which shows that the key components and the system’s drag reduction design could achieve the purpose of reducing the power consumption of the whole machine,and the integrated machine reduced the power consumption effect in corn stubble operation.The surface flatness of the 1JM-200 stubble cleaning rotary tiller integrated machine was 3.1 cm in the rice stubble test,the crushing rate of stubble was 84.8%,indicating that the machine could guarantee the operation quality while reducing the power consumption.

关 键 词：农业机械 旋耕 灭茬 碎土 覆土 减耗 

分 类 号：S222.3[农业科学—农业机械化工程]