“党项人”考辨  

A Textual Research of the"Tanguts"

作　　者：聂鸿音 Nie Hongyin(School of Chinese Language and Literature of Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100088;School of Chinese Language and Literature of Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610068)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学文学院,北京100088 [2]四川师范大学文学院,四川成都610068

出　　处：《宁夏社会科学》2020年第3期178-185,共8页NingXia Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“西夏文学文献的汇集、整理与研究”(项目编号:17ZDA264)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：西夏文学作品里用"黑头"和"赤面"两个词合起来指称境内的党项人,这移植自丝绸之路上一个古老的传说。"黑头"指世居河湟地区的番人,"赤面"指后来随西夏太祖李继迁来到河西成为统治者的拓跋部。"赤面"应该视为与"黑头"不同的部族,其语言与河湟的番语差别很大,而"党项羌"仅仅是当代人对两者的统称。西夏统治阶层在与番语使用者的接触中逐步放弃了自己的母语而转用番语,当初的部族意识也随之淡化,原来的语言只零散地保留在西夏中后期的文学作品中。The words"black-headed"and"red-faced"are used to denote Xixia Tanguts in their native literature.The story was transformed from an ancient legend along the Silk Road.The"black-headed"indicates Mi-nyag residents in Gansu Corridor and the"redfaced"indicates the Tuoba tribe migrating there to be governors accompanying with Li Jiqian,the founder of the Xixia Kingdom.The"red-faced"should be considered as a different tribe from the"black-headed"according to their divergence in language,so"TangutQiangic"is merely a general term used by contemporary people for both of them.Through contact with the Mi-nyag people,the language shift occurred successively in people of the dominance hierarchy and their ethnic consciousness faded thereupon.Their native language only preserved among scattered literature in the Mid-late Xixia.

关 键 词：党项 西夏 民族 番人 番语 

分 类 号：K246.3[历史地理—历史学]