复合胁迫对药用植物次生代谢的影响及机制  

Influence and mechanism of stress combination on medicinal plants secondary metabolism

作　　者：蒋待泉 王红阳 康传志[1] 蒋靖怡 杜用玺 张燕 王升[1] 郭兰萍[1] JIANG Dai-quan;WANG Hong-yang;KANG Chuan-zhi;JIANG Jing-yi;DU Yong-xi;ZHANG Yan;WANG Sheng;GUO Lan-ping(State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs,National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China;Hubei University of Chinese Medicine,Wuhan 430065,China;School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guangdong Pharmaceutical University,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院中药资源中心道地药材国家重点实验室培育基地,北京100700 [2]湖北中医药大学,湖北武汉430065 [3]广东药科大学中药学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2020年第9期2009-2016,共8页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81891014,81703648,81874337,81503194);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1700701,2017YFC1701405);中国中医科学院重点领域研究项目(ZZ10-027);中央本级重大增减支项目(2060302);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(ZZ13-YQ-084,ZZXT201806);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-21)。

摘　　要：大量研究显示药用植物在其道地产区的生长同时受到多种环境胁迫的共同作用。与单一胁迫相比,植物对2种或2种以上的复合胁迫具有独特的反应,不能直接从植物对每种单独的胁迫反应中推断出来。复合胁迫对植物的作用通常有协同、拮抗或独立3种类型。次生代谢在药用植物响应复合胁迫的过程中也起到了至关重要的作用,环境胁迫可以促使次生代谢产物积累,而在复合胁迫下,植物通过特异性的诱导次生代谢途径上关键酶基因的表达进而诱导次生代谢产物积累以抵御胁迫的侵害。植物在遭受复合胁迫的作用时,多种信号通路途径的相互作用,使得植物响应复合胁迫具有高度的复杂性。该文总结了复合胁迫对药用植物生理及次生代谢的影响,并探讨了相关的生理生化及分子作用机制,以期为提高药用植物的逆境适应能力、提升中药材质量提供理论依据,进一步优化药用植物的栽培。Numerous studies showed that the growth of medicinal plants in their native areas was simultaneously affected by abiotic stress combinations.Compared with single stress,plants have unique responses to a combination of different abiotic stresses and cannot be inferred directly from plants'responses to each individual stress.The effect of combined stresses on plants usually has three types of synergistic antagonism or independence.The secondary metabolism in the process of medicinal plant stress combination response also played a vital role,and environmental stresses can spur the accumulation of secondary metabolites,but under the stress combination,plants induce specific gene expression of key enzymes on secondary metabolic pathways,in turn,the accumulation of secondary metabolites against stress is formed.When plants are subjected to stress combination,the interaction of multiple signaling pathways makes it highly complex for plants to respond to stress combination.This paper summarized the effects of stress combination on physiological and secondary metabolism of medicinal plants,and discussed the related physiological,biochemical and molecular mechanisms.It provides theoretical basis for improving the adaptability of medicinal plants to adversity,improving the quality of Chinese medicinal materials,and further optimizing the cultivation of medicinal plants.

关 键 词：药用植物 复合胁迫 次生代谢产物 生理响应 抗逆性 

分 类 号：S567[农业科学—中草药栽培]