傣族药产地生态适宜性分析与产业发展策略  

Ecological Suitability Analysis of Production Areas and Industrial Development Strategy of Dai Medicine

作　　者：孙晓明 张小会 张际庆 王超群 董林林[3] SUN Xiao-ming;ZHANG Xiao-hui;ZHANG Ji-qing;WANG Chao-qun;DONG Lin-lin(Institute of Literature in Chinese Medicine,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing 210029,China;Institute of Medical Information,Chinese Academy of Medical Science,Beijing 100020,China;Institute of Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China)

机构地区：[1]南京中医药大学中医药文献研究所,南京210029 [2]中国医学科学院医学信息研究所,北京100020 [3]中国中医科学院中药研究所,北京100700

出　　处：《中国实验方剂学杂志》2020年第13期212-218,共7页Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(ZZ13-AQ-049);云南省科技厅科技人才和平台计划项目(2017IC038);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1702500,2018YFC1706302)。

摘　　要：适宜性产区能够保障傣族药的品质,然而有关植物类傣族药适宜生态因子及适宜产区的研究目前较为匮乏。本研究利用中药材产地适宜性分析地理信息系统(GMPGIS)对植物类傣族药进行全国产地生态适宜性分析,首次提出了植物类傣族药主要分布区域的生态因子范围和主要土壤类型,如年均温8.6~23.7℃,年均降水量1212~1881 mm,年均日照149.7~157.4 W·m^-2,主要土壤类型为强淋溶土、冲积土、高活性强酸土等。以179个采样点为基础,通过生态相似性分析得到植物类傣族药在全球范围内的最大生态相似度区域,主要包括中国、巴西、美国、缅甸、老挝等国家。在中国主要集中在云南的西部和南部,包括西双版纳傣族自治州、德宏傣族景颇族自治州普洱市、保山市、临沧市具有较大的适宜栽培区域。除此之外,本文通过分析傣族药人才匮乏、傣族药资源日益减少、文化传承具有局限性、科学研究薄弱等问题,并提出了通过傣族医药高素质人才培养、傣族药资源调研和保护工作、推进傣族药资料古籍的搜集整理、加强傣族药基础研究和应用研究等策略促进傣族医药发展。本研究为指导植物类傣族药生产基地合理布局、引种繁育等提供依据,为高品质傣族药的科学规范化生产奠定基础。The suitable production area can guarantee the quality of Dai medicine,but the research on the suitable ecological factors and suitable production area of plant Dai medicine is relatively scarce at present.In this study,gmpgis was used to analyze the ecological suitability of Dai medicine in China. For the first time,the range of ecological factors and main soil types in the main distribution areas of Dai medicine were extracted,such as annual average temperature of 8. 6-23. 7 ℃,annual average precipitation of 1212-1881 mm,annual average sunshine of 149. 7-157. 4 W·m^-2,the main soil types are strong eluvial soil,alluvial soil,high activity strong acid soil,etc. Based on 179 sampling points,through the analysis of ecological similarity,the largest ecological similarity area of plant Dai medicine in the world was obtained,mainly including China,Brazil,the United States,Myanmar,Laos and other countries. In China,it is mainly concentrated in the West and south of Yunnan,including Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture,Dehong Dai Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture,Pu’er City,Baoshan City and Lincang City,which are suitable for cultivation. In addition,by analyzing the current situation of Dai medicine industry,this paper summarizes the problems such as the lack of talents,the decreasing of Dai medicine resources, the limitation of cultural heritage, and the weakness of scientific research,and puts forward strategies such as training high-quality talents of Dai medicine,the investigation and protection of Dai medicine resources,promoting the collection and arrangement of Dai medicine data and ancient books,and strengthening the basic and applied research of Dai medicine Enter the development of Dai medicine. This study provides a basis for guiding the rational layout,introduction and breeding of plant Dai medicine production base,and lays a foundation for the scientific and standardized production of high-quality Dai medicine.

关 键 词：傣族医药 资源分布 产地适宜性 发展策略 

分 类 号：R29[医药卫生—民族医学] R2[医药卫生—中医学]