以需求为导向的健康教育在尘肺病患者中的应用  

Application of demand-oriented health education in patients with pneumoconiosis

作　　者：高明杰[1] 刘海霞[1] GAO Ming-jie;LIU Hai-xia(Occupational Disease Department,Zibo Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Hospital,Zibo Shandong,255000,China)

机构地区：[1]淄博市职业病防治院职业病科,山东淄博255000

出　　处：《职业与健康》2020年第6期738-740,744,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的探讨以需求为导向的健康教育对尘肺病患者疾病知识知晓情况、治疗依从性及肺功能改善情况。方法选择2016年1月-2018年12月淄博市职业病防治院收治的尘肺病患者146例为研究对象,按入院时间分为观察组(2018年1-12月)与对照组(2017年1-12月)。对照组(75例)给予常规健康教育,观察组(71例)给予以需求为导向的健康教育,观察组和对照组完成调查的分别为69和71例。干预8周后,比较两组患者尘肺病疾病知识知晓情况、治疗依从性及肺功能变化情况。结果干预后,观察组疾病知识知晓率为95.65%,高于对照组(85.92%),差异有统计学意义(χ^2=3.938,P<0.05);观察组良好生活方式、氧疗及呼吸功能训练依从率分别为92.75%、91.30%及89.86%,高于对照组(80.28%、77.46%及77.46%),差异有统计学意义(χ^2=4.640、5.060、3.913,均P<0.05);观察组肺活量、用力肺活量和第1 s用力呼出量高于对照组(t=5.583、5.215、4.429,均P<0.05)。结论以需求为导向的健康教育有助于提高尘肺病患者疾病知识知晓率和治疗依从性,有效改善肺功能。Objective To explore the effect of demand-oriented health education on awareness of disease knowledge,treatment compliance and improvement of pulmonary function of patients with pneumoconiosis.Methods 146 patients with pneumoconiosis in Zibo Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Hospital from January 2016 to December 2018 were selected as the research objects,and were divided into the observat ion group(from January to December 2018)and the control group(from January to December 2017)according to the time of admission.The control group(75 cases)was given routine health education,and the observation group(71 cases)was given demand-oriented health education.69 cases in the observation group and 71 cases in the control group have completed the survey respectively.After eight weeks of intervention,the awareness of pneumoconiosis knowledge,treatment compliance and pulmonary function between two groups were compared.Results After intervention,the awareness rate of pneumoconiosis knowledge in the observation group(95.65%)was higher than that in the control group(85.92%),and the difference was statistically significant(χ^2=3.938,P<0.05).The compliance rates of good lifestyle,oxygen therapy and respiratory function training in the observation group(92.75%,91.30%and 89.86%)were higher than those in the control group(80.28%,77.46%and 77.46%),and the differences were statistically significant(χ^2=4.640,5.060,3.913,all P<0.05).The vital capacity,forced vital capacity and forced expiratory capacity in the first second in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(t=5.583,5.215,4.429,all P<0.05).Conclusion The demand-oriented health education can improve the awareness rate of disease knowledge and treatment compliance of pneumoconiosis patients,and improve lung function effectively.

关 键 词：尘肺病 以需求为导向 健康教育 疾病知识知晓率 治疗依从性 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]