“减抗”、“替抗”背景下抗菌肽的应用和研究进展  

Application and Research Advance of Antimicrobial Peptide

作　　者：邓赣奇 黄增颖 梁耀文 张辉华 林树茂 刘燊 DENG Ganqi;HUANG Zengying;LIANG Yaowen;ZHANG Huihua;LIN Shumao;LIU Shen(Department of Life Sciences and Engineering,Foshan College of Science and Technology,Foshan,Guangdong 528000,China)

机构地区：[1]佛山科学技术学院生命科学与工程学院,广东佛山528000

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2020年第6期1-7,共7页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金(1614050001776)。

摘　　要：抗菌肽是一类广泛存在于各种生物体内的防御性小肽,为免疫系统的重要组成成分,是目前替代抗生素较为理想的抗菌剂之一。抗菌肽具有抗细菌、抗真菌、抗病毒、抗肿瘤等生物活性功能,还可作为信号分子、避孕剂、有丝分裂剂等。但目前抗菌肽也存在一些需要解决或具有争议的问题,如怎么提高基因工程抗菌肽的表达量和抗菌肽在体内的稳定性,其具体的耐药性机制尚未明确,抗菌肽与抗生素的协同作用机理等。文章从抗菌肽的结构特点、生理功能与作用机制、基因工程表达及其应用前景方面进行了阐述,并分析存在的问题,为研究绿色、高效、低毒、广谱的抑菌剂提供重要信息。Antimicrobial peptides are a kind of defensive peptides which widely exist in various organisms.They are important components of the immune system and one of the ideal antimicrobial agents to replace antibiotics.Antimicrobial peptides have multi-dimensional properties,a large number of studies have showed that antimicrobial peptides have anti-bacterial,anti-fungal,anti-virus,anti-tumor and other biological activities,it can also be used as signal molecules,contraceptives,mitogen and so on.However,at present,there are still some problems that need to be solved or disputed,for example,how to improve the expression of genetically engineered antimicrobial peptides and the stability of antimicrobial peptides in vivo.The specific mechanism of antimicrobial peptides resistance is not clear.The synergistic mechanism of antimicrobial peptides and antibiotics is also not clear.In this review,the structural characteristics,physiological function and mechanism of antimicrobial peptides,gene engineering expression and its application prospect were reviewed,and the existing problems were analyzed,which provided important information for the study of green bacteriostatic agents with high efficiency,low toxicity and broad spectrum.

关 键 词：抗菌肽 结构特点 生理功能及作用机制 基因工程表达 

分 类 号：S811.5[农业科学—畜牧学]