全球农产品市场的一般性解释框架  

A general framework of global agricultural market

作　　者：胡冰川[1] HU Bingchuan

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院农村发展研究所,北京100732

出　　处：《世界农业》2020年第6期18-24,132,共8页World Agriculture

摘　　要：绿色革命以来,随着全球农产品市场的不断扩展,全球农产品市场的约束条件已经从传统的产出约束转向需求约束.面对约束条件的变化,商品农业的竞争性技术进步必然导致农业生产要素需求的下降,其表现为部分农业生产资源的退出或要素价格的下降.由于要素价格调整存在社会刚性,现实中则是通过农业生产规模的持续扩张来间接降低要素价格.与此同时,由于农业生产资源的可扩展性,使得传统意义上商品农业的规模水平进一步提高,加之全球农产品市场相互作用,市场寡占作为竞争结果未必带来相应利润,这也与一般社会认识有所不同.本文基于全球农产品市场的一般性解释框架,最后进行了针对中国农业内嵌于全球农业的政策讨论.Since the green revolution,with the continuous expansion of global agricultural market,the constraint of the market has shifted from the traditional output constraint to the demand constraint.Due to the change of the constraint,the competitive technological progress of commercial farming will inevitably lead to the decline of the demand for factors of agricultural production,which is manifested either in the withdrawal of some agricultural resources or in the drop of factor prices.Because of the social rigidity of factor price adjustment,it is indirect to reduce factor price through the continuous expansion of agricultural production scale in reality.At the same time,due to the expansibility of agricultural resources,the scale of commercial farming in the traditional sense is further improved.In addition,because of the interaction of the global market,market oligopoly may not bring corresponding profits as a result of competition,which is also different from the general understanding.Finally,based on the general framework of global agricultural market,a policy discussion on the integration of China’s agriculture into global agriculture is given.

关 键 词：农产品市场 需求约束 商品农业 要素价格 市场寡占 

分 类 号：F313.7[经济管理—产业经济]